u

'^^..-r^^-^^

DI7. ins.

U,S, HAIL. MUS.

' n

ISontf *Hm«^v>^

HI 5

Order SIPHONAPTERA.

Contains the fleas which are considered as flies, modified to suit a
parasitic mode of life. They are usuallj^ brown in color, transversely
flattened, the edges of the segments set with stiff spines directed back-
ward, and the hind legs enormously developed for leaping. They drop
their eggs in the sleeping quarters of their host, and from these come
slender, white, worm-like larvae. These feed on refuse animal or vege-
table debris and the pupae hide in crevices, or in houses between the
boards of floors.

Fig. 292. — The dog flea, Ctenocephalus canis: a, egg; b, larva in cocoon; c, pupa;
d, adult; e, f, g, details of mouth and antennal structure; all enlarged.

Sometimes a house becomes overrun with fleas, and in such cases the
sleeping place of the dog or cat must first be thoroughly cleaned, so as
to destroy the source of the trouble. All the adult fleas will get upon the
dog or cat at the first opportunity, and these pets, therefore, can be used
as traps, then washed with carbolic soap at short intervals until all the
fleas have been captured and destroyed. A free use of gasoline in the
crevices of the floor will kill all larvae and pupee that may be there, and
will at once check breeding.

No systematic collections have been made in New Jersey. I have taken
fleas from moles, rabbits, muskrats, and have seen them in quantities in
nests of field mice. They also occur on rats and on almost every other
hairy animal in the State, but no effort has yet been made to determine
the species.

Those listed here occur practically everywhere. The names are from
the list published by C. F. Baker in 1904, and it is remarkable that at that

(70O

y

\

702 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

time the author had practically no material from the middle Atlantic
States.

Family FUUCIDTE.

PULEX Linn.

P. irritans Linn. The htlman flea. Not a native of New Jersey, but is
almost cosmopolitan, and specimens are occasionally found, brought
from more southern States.

CTENOCEPHALUS Kol.
C. canis Curt. (Pulex serraticeps) The common cat and dog flea.

CERATOPHYLLUS Curtis.
C. wickhami Baker. (Pulex howardi) One of the squirrel fleas.

CTENOPHTHALIVIUS Kol.
C. pseudarytes Baker. A parasite on field mice.

Order DIPTERA.

This order contains the flies, always recognizable bj' having two wings
only, the secondaries being reduced to little knobs or halteres. The
head is separated from the thorax by a distinct, very narrow neck, and
the antennae are either quite long or very short, often aristate. The
mouth parts are formed for scraping or sucking, or both, and never for
chewing, in the adult stage. The larvae vary greatly, but are usually
either very slender and elongate, or maggot-like in form. The metamor-
phosis is complete, and the change from larva to adult is more radical
than in any other order.

Since the publication of the previous list our knowledge of the "Dip-
tera" has increased vastly, and collectors are more numerous than ever
before. Mr. Charles W. Johnson, now Curator of the Boston Society of
Natural History, has again prepared the list as a whole, and has added
pei'haps the greatest number of species to it. But in the ''Cecidomyiidae"
Mr. William Beutenmuller has done this work, and while the list in that
family is still far from complete, it is a much better picture of our fauna
than was the previous one. In the •'Culicidae" the list is probably almost
complete. In no other family have collections been so thorough and
systematic, and it is believed that few species will be added in future.
Mr. John A. Grossbeck, one of the assistants in the mosquito investiga-
tion, has written this part of the list. In the "Tabanidse" Mr. V. A. E.
Daecke has supplied the mss., and here again his persistent and careful
work, supplemented by that of Mr. Henry S. Harbeck. has left little to
be done. In addition to these gentlemen, Messrs. G. M. Greene and
Chas. T. Greene, of Philadelphia, have added many records, and nearly
all the contributors to the previous edition have helped along the work
on this.

Mr. Johnson estimated that the 1,200 species listed in the last edition
were about two-thirds of the actual number to be found in the State.
As before, all records not otherwise specifically credited belong to Mr.
Johnson.

Family TIPULID.^.

These are the "Crane-flies," which resemble exaggerated mosquitoes
in appearance, and derive the common name from their long, ungainly,
slender legs. The head is often prolonged into a sort of blunt snout
at the end of which are the prominent palpi, which are sometimes as
long as the antennae.

The species are most common in low meadows or at the edges of
woodland, and their flight is as vmcertain and awkward as their appear-
ance. It is difficult to preserve these insects, because the legs break off
at the least provocation, even when they are alive.

(703)

704 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

Fig. 293. — A crane fly, Pachyrhina species.

The larvae of most of these flies are slender, cylindrical, worm-like, and
very tough, whence they are known as "wire worms" in England, where
they are often injurious on sod land and to root crops. This type lives
in the soil, and may feed on either living or dead vegetation. A few
feed on leaves and somewhat resemble caterpillars, but in no case are
they injurious in New Jersey, so far as I have had any knowledge of
them.

GERANOMYIA Haliday.

G. rostrata Say. Lenola, Clementon V, 30 (Jn) ; Riverton V. 19. VII, 3,

IX, 11 (div). National Park VI, 3 (Dke).
G. canadensis Westw. "New Jersey" (A E S), Cape May IX, 21 (Vk).
G. diversa O. S. "New Jersey" (A E S).
G. distincta Doane. Manumuskin VI, 23 (Dke).

RHIPIDIA Meig.

R. maculata Meig. "New Jersey" (A E S).

R. domestica O. S. Palisades (O S) ; Clementon V, 16, bred from larvae
obtained in fermented sap of "Nyssa sylvatica," Riverton VI, 16.

I

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 705

R. fidelis O. S. Chester VIII, 9 (Coll).
R. bryanti Johns. Dover VI, 25.

TROCHOBOLA O. S.
T. argus Say. Palisades V (Lv).

DICRANOMYIA Steph.
D. rara O. S. Dover VI, 23.

D. liberta O. S. Jamesburg (Sm); Clementon VI. 3.
D. stulta O. S. "New Jersey" (A E S).
D. morioides O. S. "New Jersey" (A E S).
D. pubipennis O. S. "New Jersey" (Bt).
D. simulans Wlk. (defuncta O. S.) Caldwell VI, 8 (Cr).
D. hagretica O. S. Caldwell (Cr) ; Jamesburg (Sm).
D. badia Walk. Forest Hill X (Wdt).
D. immodesta O. S. Forest Hill IX (Wdt); Lucaston IX, 28, X, 15 (Dke).

D. gladiator O. S. Avon IX, 27 (Hk).

LIMNOBIA Meig.
L. immatura O. S. Boouton VII, 18 (GG) ; Caldwell (Cr).
L. cinctipes Say. Caldwell (Cr).
L. triocellata O. S. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, Asbury Paik VIII,

16. Westville VI, 6 (Jn) ; Lucaston IX, 28 (Dke).
L. fallax Johns, (solitaria Johns, not O. S.) Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap

VII, 14.
L. tristigma O. S. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 11.
L. sociabilis O. S. Caldwell (Cr).
L. indigena O. S. Merchantville VI. 4 (Dke).

TOXORRHINA Loew.
T. magna O. S. Type "New Jersey" VII (A E S); Wildwood VIII, 12.

RHAMPHIDIA Meig.

R. flavipes Macq. Riverton VII, 31, VIII, 25, Clementon VI, 3 (Jn) ;
National Park V, 20 (Dke).

ELEPHANTOMYIA O. S.

E. westwoodi O. S. Delaware Water Gap VII, 12.

ATARBA O. S.

A. picticornis O. S. Riverton VI, 18.
45 i^^'

7o6 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

DICRANOPTYCHA O. S.

D. germana O. S. "New Jersey" (A E S).

D. sobrina O. S. New Hope VII, 10 (Hk).

TEUCHOLABIS O. S.

T. complexa O. S. Avalon; larva in considerable number under bark
VI, 8; commenced pupating in 4 or 5 days; imagoes VII, 22-27.

CLADURA O. S.
C. flavoferruginea O. S. Forest Hill IX (Wdt).

ANTOCHA O. S.

A. saxicola O. S. (opalizans O. S.) Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 10..

RHYPHOLOPHUS Kol.

R. innocens O. S. Westville IV, 9 (Jn) ; Riverton IV, 10 (Dke).
R. nubilus O. S. Newark IV (Wdt).

ERIOPTERA Meig.

E. chlorophylia O. S. Common; Riverton VI, 19, VII, 3, Westville VII, 2.
E. straminea O. S. Riverton VI, 18.

E. venusta O. S. Riverton VI, 15, Merchantville V, 26 (Dke) ; Woodbury

VI, 7.
E. septemtrionalis O. S. Riverton VII, 3.

E. armata O. S. "New Jersey" (A E S, Bt) ; Orange Mts. VI.
E. chrysocoma O. S. Riverton VI, 18, Westville VII, 2.
E. caloptera Say. Boonton IX, 18 (GG) ; Riverton VII, 3, Avalon VII, 22.
E. dulcis O. S. Del. Water Gap VII, 13, Riverton VI, 16 (Jn).
E. parva O. S. Del. Water Gap VII, 13 (Jn) ; Orange VI (O S).
E. vespertina O. S. "New Jersey" (A E S).

MOLOPHILUS Curtis.
M. forcipula O. S. South Orange (O S).
M. hirtipennis O. S. Orange (O S).

M. ursinus O. S. Ashland V, 13 (Hk) ; Clementon V, 14 (Jn).
M. pubipennis O. S. Chester VIII, 1 (Coll); Shark River VII, 12.

GONIOMYIA O. S.
G. manca O. S. South Orange VI, 30, 1868 (O S).
G. blanda O. S. Long Branch VI, 12.

G. sulphurella O. S. Riverton V, 28, Asbury Park VIII. 16.
G. cognatella O. S. Clementon V, 12.

THE INSECTS OE NEW JERSEY. 707

HELOBIA St. Farg. (SYMPLECTA Meig.)
H. hybrida Meig. (punctipennis Meig.) Riverton IX, 25, Shiloh IX, 1
(Jn); Avon IX, 27, Pemberton V, 20 (Hk).

TRIMICRA O. S.

T. anomala O. S. Anglesea V, 30, VII, 9 (Sm).

GNOPHOMYIA O. S.
G. tristissima O. S. Del. Water Gap VII, 8, Westville VI, G (Jn) ; New
Hope VII, 10 (Hk).

ULOMORPHA O. S.

U. pilosella O. S. Shark River VTI, 12.

TRICHOCERA Meig.
T. regelationis Linn. Caldwell V, 5 (Cr); Camden II, 21, Westville IV, 9.
T. bimacula Walk. Riverton IX, 3.
T. brumalis Fitch. Riverton IX, 3.

EPIPHRAGMA O. S.
E. fascipennis Say. New Hope VIII, 10 (Hk); Newark VI, 16, Riverton
V, 29, Clementon VI, 3, Woodbury VI, 7.

LIMNOPHILA Macq.
L. fuscovaria O. S. Jamesburg VII, 4, Westville VI, 6, Clementon VIII, 9.
L. luteipennis O. S. Wenonah VI, 23 (Hk) ; Woodbury VI, 7, Westville

VII, 2, Lenola V, 30.
L. tenuipes O. S. Riverton VII. 24.

L. macrocera Say. Westville VI, G, Merchantville V, 26, VI, 4 (Dke).
L. adusta O. S. "New Jersey" (A E S) ; Westville V, 18.
L. recondita O. S. Long Branch VI, 12, Riverton VH, 24.
L. rufibasis O. S. Dover VI, 11 (Jn); Culver's Lake V, 29 (Coll); Orange

Mts. V (Wdt).
L. imbecilla O. S. "New Jersey" (A E S).
L. toxoneura O. S. "New Jersey" (A E S).
L. ienta O. S. Orange Mts.

L. contempta O. S. Westville VII, 21 (Jn) ; Lakehurst VIII, 23 (Coll).
L. quad rata O. S. Culver's Lake V, 29 (Coll).
L. irrorata Johns. Riverton VIII, 5.

ERIOCERA Macq.
E. fuliginosa O. S. Orange Mts. VII, 4.

E. brachycera O. S. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VH, 14 (Jn) : Orange Mts.
VI (Wdt).

7o8 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

E. wilsonii O. S. "New Jersey" (A E S).

E. longicornis Walk. Passaic VI, 8 (Coll); Trenton V, 30 (Hk).

PENTHOPTERA Schiner.

P. albitarsis O. S. Del. Water Gap VII, 11, 12, Shark River VII, 12,
Clementon VIII, 7 (Jn) ; Trenton VII, 12 (Hk).

yESHNASOMA Johnson.

A. rivertonensis Johns. Riverton VII, 20, 1902.

TRICYPHONA Zett. (AMALOPIS Haliday.)

T. inconstans O. S. Del. Water Gap VII, 11, Woodbury V, 14, Westville
VI, 6, Shiloh IX, 1 (Jn) ; Riverton V, 19, Wenonah VI, 23 (Hk) ; Lucas-
ton IX, 22 (Dke).

T. vernalis O. S. Lucaston IV, 14, IX, 28 (Dke); Clementon V, 5 (Hk).

PEDICIA Latr.

P. albivitta Wlk. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 11, 15 (Jn) ; Caldwell
(Cr); Riverton IX, 10 (Vk).

LIOGMA O. S.

L. nodicornis O. S. "New Jersey" (A E S).

BITTACOMORPHA Westwood.

B. clavipes Fab. Caldwell (Cr); Westville V, 19, Atco VI, 18 (Jn) ; Riv-

erton IV, 24, X, 9 (div) ; Jamesburg V, VI, along ditches, Lahaway

V, 28 (Sm).

B. jonesi Johns. Clementon V, 5 (Hk).

PTYCHOPTERA Meig.

P. rufocincta O. S. Newark VI, 16, Riverton V, 30, Westville VII, 12
(Jn); Clementon VI, 7 (Li); Wenonah VI, 23 (Hk).

BRACHYPTEMNA O. S.
B. dispellens Walk. Shark River VII, 12, 1897.

OROPEZA Needham. (DOLICHOPEZA Curt.)
O. albipes Johns. Del. Water Gap VII, 21, Dover VI, 17, Riverton VIII, 3.
O. subalbipes Johns. Long Branch VI, 12, Westville VI, 6, Clementon

VI, 3.

O. obscura Johns. Riverton VIII, 11.

O. sayi Johns. (T. annulata Say not Linn.) Westville VI, 6.

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 709

XIPHURA Brulle.
X. frontalis O. S. Palisades V (Lv).
X. fumipennis O. S. (Ctenophora) Palisades VI, 6 (Lv).

CTENOPHORA Meig.
C. nubecula O. S. Caldwell V, 29 (Cr).

PACHYRHINA Macq.

P. ferruginea Fab. Common; Del. Water Gap VII, 11-15, New Bruns-
wick, Riverton, Shiloh IX, 1 (Jn) ; Trenton V, 21 (Hk).
P. incurva Loew. Newark VI, 14, New Brunswick VII, 1, Westville VI, 6.
P. collaris Say. Westville IV, 9 (Jn) ; Lucaston IV, 10-14 (Dke).
P. virescens Loew. Del. Water Gap VII, 11, 15, Dover VI, 23, Newark

VI, 14. Riverton VI, 19, Westville VII, 21.

P. tenuis Loew. Del. Water Gap VII, 10, Newark VI, 14, Westville VI, 6

(Jn): lona V, 24 (Dke).
P. eucera Loew. Passaic VI, S (Coll); Ft. Lee VI, 23 (Dke); Long

Branch VI, 12, DaCosta VI, 4.
P. unifasciata Loew. Duunfield. Del. Water Gap VII, 14 (Jn); Trenton

VII, 7 (Hk).

P. soda! is Loew. Orange Mts. VI, 22, Westville VI, 6 (Jn).

P. macrocera Say. Newark VI. 14, Westville VI, 27.

P. xanthostigma Loew. Riverton VII, 3.

P. punctum Loew. Del. Water Gaj) VII, 1, Riverton VII, 24.

P. polymera Loew. Riverton VI, 14.

STYGEROPIS Loew.
S. fuscipennis Loew*. "Salt meadow" Newark VI (Wdt).

LONGURiO Loew.
L. testaceus Loew. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 12, 15.

TIPULA Linn,
abdominalis Say. Boonton IX, 17 (GG) ; Morris Plains (Jn) ; Caldwell

(Cr).
caloptera Loew. Del. Water Gap VII, 15, Dover VI, 17 (Jn); Ocean

County (Sm); lona V, 24 (Dke).
trivittata Say. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 11, 15, Newark VI, 13

(Jn); National Park VI, 13 (Dke).
bella Loew. Clementon V, 10, Westville VIII, 21, Riverton IX, 11

(Jn); Wenonah VI, 23 (Hk) ; Anglesea IX, 12 (Dke).
longiventris Loew. Dover VI. 17, Newark VI, 12 ( Jn) ; Clementon V,

30 (Hk); Manumuskin V, 10 (Dke).

7IO REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

T. fuliginosa Say. Dover VI, 17, Newark VI, 13.

T. hebes Loew. Caldwell (Cr) ; Ft. Lee VIII, 30 (Dke) ; Westville IX, 13.

T. fasciata Loew. Del. Water Gap VII, 11, Palisades, Jamesburg VII, 4,

Clementon V, 30, VIII, 11 (Jn) ; Passaic VL 8 (Coll).
T. tricolor Fab. Del. Water Gap VII, 15, Jamesburg VII, 21, Clementon

VIII, 11, Westvile VIII (Jn) ; Riverton IV, 21 (Hk).
T. costalis Say. Caldwell (Cr), Princeton VII, 21, Riverton IX, 9 (Jn) ;

Lucaston IX, 12 (Dke).
T. cunctans Say. Riverton IX, 25, X, 9.
T. speciosa Loew. Dover VII, 17, Newark VI, 13.
T. submaculata Loew. Del. Water Gap VII, 15 (Jn) ; Caldwell (Cr) ;

Laurel Springs VI, 10 (Dke).
T. valida Loew. Del. Water Gap VII, 15, Dover VI, 23 (Jn) ; New Bruns-
wick VI, 9 (Sm).
T. dejecta Walk. Orange Mts. (Jn) ; Riverton IV, 22, Lucaston IV, 10

(Dke); Clementon IV, 15, V, 5 (div).
T. tephrocephala Loew. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 8 (Jn) ; Ft. Lee

VII, 4, Stone Harbor VII, 29 (Dke).
T. cincta Loew. Riverton IV, 17 (Jn) ; National Park V, 6, Manumuskin

IV, 27 (Dke).
T. strepens Loew. Newark VI, 31, Riverton V, 30.
T. flavicans Fab. Manumuskin X, 21 (Dke).

T. latipennis Loew. New Brunswick VI, 9, Ocean County (Coll).
T. perlongipes Johns. Orange Mts. V, Avalon VI, 30.
T. pallida Loew. Dover VI, 17.

T. angustipennis Loew. Culver's Lake VI, 29 (Coll),
T. jejuna Johns. Riverton VII, 20.

Family DIXID.^E.

Small, slender mosquito-like species, wings bare, antennae thick at base,
other joints hair-like, joints indistinctly marked; larvse aquatic. Our
species are not of economic importance.

DIXA Meigen.
D. notata Loew. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 11, 15.
D. terna Loew. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 11.

Family PSYCHODID^.

PSYCHODA Latr.

P. alternata Say. Cape May VIII, 20 (Vk) ; Lucaston IX, 14 (Dke) ; bred
from water.

P. marginalis Banks. Riverton V, 14; National Park V, 6-20 (Dke).

P. minuta Banks. Riverton IX, 14. Common on trunk of the button-
wood.

THE INSECTS OE NEW JERSEY.

711

p. cinerea Banks. Riverton VI, 8.

P. superba Banks. Riverton VII, 29.

P. albitarsis Banks. Del. Water Gap VII, 8, 15.

Family STENOXENID^.

STENOXENUS Coq.
S. johnsoni Coq. Type of the family and genus was collected at Dunn-
field, Del. Water Gap VII, 11, 1908; very rare, and habits in early
stages unknown.

Family CHIROXOMID.^.

These flies are indifferently named "gnats," "midges," sand-flies" or
"punkies," the latter two names chiefly applied to the few minute forms
with piercing mouth parts. They somewhat resemble mosquitoes in
appearance, but have naked wings, and the thorax is produced so as to
hide the small head from above. The antennae in the male are lengthily
plumose, and in the female are also furnished with lateral hair. The
insects occur at all seasons, many of them in spring, and they dance in
the early evening in great swarms only a few feet above ground, usually
in a damp locality. The larvae live in water on living or dead vegetation,
or on sap of trees, under fallen leaves or decaying vegetable matter.

As a rule, they are harmless, except for the annoyance caused by the
biting tribes, but the larva of one species at least mines the leaves of
water plants, and thus becomes injurious in a very limited and special
way.

CERATOPOGON Meigen.

Fig. 294. — Ceratopogon stellifer; much enlarged.

C. exilis Coq. Riverton X, 9.

C. fusculus Coq. Riverton IV, 30.

712 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY S1\\TE MUSEUM.

C. specularis CoQ. Riverton X, 9.

C. transiens Walk. Riverton VIII, 21 (Jn); Manahawkin IX, 5 (Hk).

C. piceus Winn. Atlantic Highlands VII, 1 (Lv) ; Clementon V, 16 (Jn).

CULICOIDES Latr.

C. variipennis Coq. Westville VI, 6.
C. cinctus Coq. Riverton X, 9.

BEZZIA Kieffer.
B. albiventris Loew. Riverton VI, 16.
B. elegans Coq. Riverton V, 14.

B. expolita Coq. Riverton VI, 3 (Jn) ; Glassboro V, 19 (Hk).
B. johnsoni Coq. Riverton VI, 3.
B. media Coq. Riverton VIII, 7.
B. pulverea Coq. Riverton VII, 3.
B. setulosa Loew. Riverton VII, 3.
B. smithii Coq. (mundus Coq. not Loew.) Riverton VI, 16.

JOHANNSENIELLA Will.
J. albaria Coq. Del. Water Gap, VII, 12, Westville VII, 12.
J. argentata Loew. Princeton VII, 21, Westville VII, 29.
J. bimaculata Loew. Riverton VI, 6, Westville VII, 21.
J. di versa Coq. Riverton VII, 7.
J. nebulosa Coq. Riverton VI, 19.
J. viridis Coq. Riverton VI, 16.

PALPOIVIYIA Megerie.

P. fiavipes Meig. Del. Water Gap VIII, 8, Woodbury V, 14.

P. longipennis Loew. Westville VI, 27.

P. lineatus Meig. Westville VI, 6.

P. rufus Loew. Newark VI, 13, Westville VII, 27, Atco VI, 4 (Jn) ; Clemen-
ton V, 6 (Hk).

P. tibialis Meig. Woodbury VI, 7.

P. trivialis Loew. Culver's Lake V, 29 (Sm); Princeton VII, 21, Westville
VL 27, Clementon VI, 3 (Jn) ; Trenton VII, 5, Brown's Mills VII, 10
(Hk).

HETEROMYIA Say.

H. fasciata Say. Westville VI, 15, VII, 2, Camden VI, 6, Buena Vista VI,

9 (Li), Riverton VI, 16-20.
H. festiva Loew. "New Jersey" (A E S).
H. plebeja Loew. Westville VII, 21.
H. basalis Walk. Riverton VII, 12.

THE INvSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 7^3

PROCLADIUS Skuse.
P. scapularis Loew. Riverton VII, 24.
P. thoracicus Loew. Riverton VI, 19. Westville VII, 21.

TANYPUS Meigen.

T. dyari Coq. Forest Hill (Wdt) ; New Brunswick IV, 30 (Sm) ; Lucaston

V, 30 (Dke).
T. melanops Meig. Riverton V, 14, Westville VI, G, Clementon VI, 3.
T. pilosellus Loew. Riverton VI, 30.
T. johnsoni Coq. Riverton IV, 30, VI, IS.
T. monilis Linn, (annulatus Say.) Great Piece Meadow V, 7 (Coll);

Riverton V, 14, IX, 5.
T. bifasciatus Coq. Riverton IV, 30.
T. pa I lens Coq. Riverton.

T. baltimoreus Macq. Riverton V, 14, VI, 18.
T. turpis Zett. Boonton III, 8, 12 (GG).

PSILOTANYPUS Kieffer.
P. occidentalis Coq. Riverton IX. 14.

PROTENTHES Johannsen.
P. culiciformis Linne. Riverton (.In); Lahaway VI. 10 (Coll).

CHASMATONOTUS Loew.
C. bimaculatus O. S. Westville (Vk).

THALASSOMYIA Schiner.
T. platypus Coq. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 8.

CHIRONOMUS Meigen.
C. brunneus Walk. Dover VII, 16.
C. cristatus Fab. New Brunswick (Sm); Common, Westville VI, 6,

Clementon V, 10, Riverton III, 20, Shark River VII, 12 (Jn).
C. jucundus Walk. Riverton VIII, 21.

C. lineola Wied. Common, Westville VI, 6. VII, 4, VIII, 13.
C. modestus Say. Westville VHI, 13, Riverton V, 14.
C. pedestris Meig. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, S, 12.
C. dispar Meig. Clementon VI, 3, VIII, 11.
C. brachialis Coq. Asbury Park VIII, 16, Westville VI, 21.
C. pedellus De Geer. Riverton IV, 30, V, 14, Clementon VI, 3.
C. fascipennis Zett. Clementon VI, 3.
C. taeniapennis Coq. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 8.

714 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

C. albipennis Meig. Riverton VI, 7-20, Westville VI, 6.

C. tendens Fab. Clementon VI, 3, Riverton IV, 30.

C. viridicollis V. d. W. Riverton IV, 30.

C. nitidulus Coq. Riverton V, 14.

C. tenellus Zett. Del. Water Gap VI, 12.

C. fascipes Coq. Riverton VIII, 11.

C. festivus Say. Westville.

C. ferrugineovittatus Zett. Clementon V, 11 (GG).

C. aberrans Johans. "New Jersey."

C. nigricans Johans. Culver's Lake V, 29 (Sm); Riverton.

C. riparius Meig. "New Jersey."

C. prasinus Meig. Cape May IX, 24 (Sm).

C. brunneipennis Johans. New Jersey.

C. dorsalis Meig. Orange VI, 22 (Coll); Delair VII, 14.

C. zonopterus Mitchell. Clementon.

CAIVIPTOCLADIUS V. d. Wuip.
C. byssinus Schrank. Riverton IV, 30.
C. aterrimus Meig. "New Jersey" (Johannsen).

ORTHOCLADIUS V. d. Wuip.
O. nivoriundus Fitch. Riverton IV, 15, Shark River VII, 12.
O. par Coq. Riverton VII, 3.
O. politus Coq. Riverton VIII, 17.

CRICOTOPUS V. d. Wuip.

C. sylvestris Fab. Dreer's water garden, Riverton VI, 9, larvae injure
leaves of "Victoria regia" (Sm); Westville VI, 6 (Jn), Anglesea V,
28 (Sm).

C. geminatus Say. Riverton VI, 16-18.

C. tremulus Linn. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 8-12, Riverton V, 14.

METRIOCNEMUS V. d. Wuip.
M. par Johans. "New Jersey."

EURYCNEMUS V. d. Wuip.
E. scitulus Coq. Riverton IV, 30, VI, 4, VIII, 3.

Family CULICID^.

These are the mosquitoes, for which New Jersey has a well-established
reputation. Among the biting flies they are distinguished by their slender
body, long slender legs and long slender beak or proboscis. The larvae.

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY.

715

Anopheles and Malaria: a, larva; b, pupa; c, adult; d, the blast
introduced into the blood by the mosquito; e to ;', stages through which the
Plasmodium passes in the red blood-corpuscle; k, the spores which enter new
blood-corpuscles; /, m. the microgamete; n, o. the macrogamete: p. flagellse
forming; q, union of a flagellum with macrogamete; r, fusion of nuclei; 5, the
vermicule; t to y, formation of the zygote in the mosquito stomach; the fully
developed zygote, y, rupturing to : reduce blastc cl.

Fig- 295-

71 6 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

known as wrigglers, live in water, and can develop in water only; but
the conditions under which the different species live vary greatly. Not
all the mosquitoes bite human beings and only a few of them follow him
into his habitation, so that the majority of species are indifferent to the
great bulk of mankind. But some species are either almost unbearable
pests, rendering large areas almost uninhabitable, or are actual carriers
of disease organisms. Destructive methods for the pestiferous species
are now well understood, and the day of their control is almost at hand.

ANOPHELES Meig.

The members of this genus are intermediate hosts for the organism
causing malaria in man, though of the species occurring in New Jersey
only one — "quadrimaculatus" — has been actually convicted of that offense.
The adults may be known by their method of holding the body at a nearly
right angle to the plane of the surface upon which they are at rest. The
eggs are laid singly on the surface of the water and the larvse float on
the surface, parallel with it. They inhabit pools of ground-water, the
edges of overgrown swamps or ponds, the quiet eddies of sluggish
streams and sometimes even lot-pools, pails, buckets or other receptacles
containing stagnant water. They are not so abundant in sewage water.
The adults winter in barns, cellars, hollow trees and similar sheltered
places, only the females living over.

A. punctipennis Say. Occurs throughout the State, but more commonly
in the southern portions. Larvse may be found from May to Novem-
ber; but are usually rare until after midsummer; after mid-Septem-
ber only stragglers remain. Breeds in almost any waters except on
salt marshes.
A. quadrimaculatus Say — maculipennis of American authors. This is the
species that has been convicted of transmitting malaria. It occurs
throughout the State, but is rather more common in the northern
counties. The general habits are like those of the preceding, but
the larvae occur also In more shaded areas, and occasionally in the
brackish waters of the salt marshes.
A. crucians Wied. Occurs chiefly along the coast line from Elizabeth to
Cape May, more common southwardly, and the larvae breed chiefly
on the salt marsh or on swampy areas not far inland. The species
does not become obvious until mid-summer and remains until late
fall. The inland points at which single examples have been taken
are Manumuskin X, 21 (Dke), Delair (Seal) and Lahaway X, 8
(Brakeley).
A. barber! Coq. Bordentown VIII, 14, 16, adults (Brakeley) ; Chester
IX, 6-11 larvas (Dn). This species breeds exclusively in the water in
tree holes and never gets far away from its breeding grounds.

PSOROPHORA Desv.

P, ciliata Fabr. Local throughout the State and rarely common as an
adult. This is oui' largest species and lays its eggs in depressed

I

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 717

areas likely to be ram-filled. The larvae develop in these temporary
pools and feed upon other mosquito wrigglers. They are the giants
of their kind, and if there is not sufficient food for all, they eat each
other. Larvae have been found from June to September 25, and
adults from July 2 to September 30.

AEDES Meig.

The species now referred to this genus are those species of what we
have been calling "Ciilex," that do not lay their eggs in rafts or boat-
shaped masses. They may be laid singly or in little masses in the mud
of depressed areas, or on the surface of the water, sinking to the bottom
and usually passing the winter in that stage, covered by water or un-
protected in the mud.

A. sayi D. & K. ( Janthinosoma musica Say.) Locally common, chiefly
in the northern sections of the State. The larvae breed, as a rule,
in heavily shaded woodland pools, and the adults do not leave the
vicinity of their place of birth. They are ferocious biters, and some-
times in the Great Piece Meadow region are locally almost unbear-
able. Larvae have been found only from New Brunswick northward.
June to September; adults have been taken also at Spring Lake VL
30, and Lakehurst VIH, 16.
A. jamaicensis Theob. Locally common, breeding in open lot pools,
though isolated examples of the larvae have been taken in woodland
pools. We have only found it at Millburn, Newark, New Brunswick
and Delair in July and August; but undoubtedly it is more generally
distributed. The adult has never been found attacking man, and
though a breeding place is not far from my house, I have never found
examples on my porches.
A. discolor Coq. Delair, VL 18, VII, 24, VIII, 15. Larvae have been
taken only by Mr. Seal in the one place on the dates mentioned, and
we have not found it in any stage elsewhere. It is truly a rare
species.
A. sollicitans Wlk. This is the common, banded-leg salt marsh mos-
quito. It breeds exclusively on the salt marshes in fresh, brackish
or salt water and flies inland long distances, forming the predom-
inating pest within its range — which means more than half the
State — during the entire summer. From Barnegat Bay south larvae
begin to hatch in March, and adults are on the wing in April or May,
and thereafter as many as ten broods may develop before November,
when the last stragglers mature. In the more northern marshes
larvae do not usually appear vmtil June, "cantator" replacing it as the
early spring form. The eggs are laid in depressions in the marsh
mud and must dry out before they can hatch. It is in this stage that
the winter is passed.
A. taeniorhynchus Wied. Has the same habits as the preceding, but is
not nearly so abundant and does not migrate so far. Occasionally
it is quite numerous in the southern part of the State; but in some
seasons it is not seen at all on the more northern marshes.

7i8 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

A. sylvicola Gross. Larvae were taken at Paterson in May, at New
Brunswick May and June. Adults were taken also at Westville and
Mount Holly, specimens occurring near New Brunswick until VII, 28.
This is rather a rare species, breeding only in pools in dense wood-
land, whose shelter the adults never leave. There is only a single
spring brood, the late captures representing straggling survivors.
This species was at first identified with "squamiger," which later
proved to be different in habits and early stages.
A. niveitarsis Coq. Larvae were found near Paterson, V, 9, 14, in a
rocky, mountain pool, and the adults bred from them are the types
of the species, no other examples of which have been since taken.
A. cantator Coq. Also a salt marsh breeder, occurring along the entire
coast line, but much more abundant in the more northern ranges.
It replaces "sollicitans" north of Barnegat Bay as the early spring
form, and from larvse which hatch in March or April the first brood
comes early in May. After mid-summer it is much less numerous
and generally replaced by "sollicitans." It has the same egg-laying
and migrating habits as the latter species, and like it breeds until
the meadows are frozen — larvae being quite generally found under
the ice when the pools freeze in early winter.
A. subcantans Felt. Occurs throughout the northern parts of the State
in woodland pools. There is only a single spring brood, larvse ap-
pearing in March and maturing in early May; but the adults linger
until mid-summer. Larvae have been actually found at or near
Elizabeth, Newark, Arlington, Cranford, Millburn, Morristown and
in the Great Piece Meadows. This species was at first believed to
be identical with the European "cantans," but has been proved
distinct by careful study.
A. abfitchii Felt. Has the same range as the preceding and much the
same habits. It has been found a little further south, at New Bruns-
wick, and the adults occurred as far north as Lake Hopatcong and
Swartswood Lake. Mr. Grossbeck notes that, for breeding, both this
and the previous species "select swampy woodland areas or hilly
regions scattered over with large pools — small isolated pools being
rarely inhabited by them." The adults are hard biters, but do not
leave the woodland. This species was described by Mr. Grossbeck
as "siphonalis" at about the same time that Dr. Felt described his
species, but Dr. Felt's description was first published.
A. fitch ii Felt. Very much like the preceding in appearance and proba-
bly in habit; but rare in New Jersey. Mr. Brakeley has taken larvae
at Lahaway and Mr. Grossbeck in the Great Piece Meadows, both
in April.
A. sylvestris Theob. Occurs throughout the State and throughout the
summer, sometimes in considerable numbers; but rarely attempts to
bite and does not enter houses. Larvae appear in woodland pools
early in April, but later occur in more open places — anything from
a lot or even a clean gutter-pool to an overgrown swamp area serving
to develop them.

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 719

A. signifer Coq. Larvae have been taken at Chester, IX, 5, XI, 17, Riv-
ertou IX, 8, Delair IX, 20, Lahaway IX. This species breeds normally
in tree holes, though occasionally it resorts to barrels or old tubs;
it has only been taken in late fall.

A. atropalpus Coq. This species breeds only in rock-pools. It has been
taken in Maine and in Maryland, but not yet in New Jersey. It is
almost certain that it occurs along the shores of the Delaware River
near the Water Gap.

A. canadensis Theob. Throughout the State. The commonest of our
woodland pool mosquitoes, larvas hatching from over-wintering eggs
before the ice is permanently off the surface. There is one heavy
regular spring brood, but larvae may be found in greater or less
abundance throughout the season. Bites readily enough in the
woods, but does not follow into the open and never enters houses.

A. dyari Coq. Culver's Lake V, 29, tared from pupa.

A. triseriatus Say. Taken in many localities in the northern half of the
State; but undoubtedly occurs everywhere in it. Breeds normally
in tree holes; but also occasionally in pails or other wooden recep-
tacles. Larvae have been found as early as April 18 (Paterson), as
late as November 17 (Chester), and at all periods throughout the
summer.

A. serratus Theob. Breeds in low, swampy woodland, and sometimes in
mountain pools. Adults have been taken at Great Piece Meadow
IX, 17, New Brunswick VI, 23, X, 5, Cape May IX, 21. Larvae have
been found at Great Piece Meadow IX, 9, Orange Mts. VIII, 6, New
Brunswick VII, 29. VIII, 13. IX, 3. 30.

A. dupreei Coq. Occurs in the same pools with the preceding and at the
same time. It is a small, rare species; the adult does not bite humans
and the larva is a bottom feeder that gets its supply of oxygen from
the water itself.

A. abserratus Felt. Larvae have been taken in the Orange Mts. IV, 20,
and at New Brunswick IV, IG to V, 2. It is probably the earliest of
the spring species to mature, the larvae rarely extending into May,
and not appearing again later in the season. Breeds in low, swampy
woodlands and in mountain pools.

A. trivittatus Coq. Quite generally distributed throughout the State;
hardly common, but more abundant in the northern half. Larvae
from V, 8 to VIII, 12; adults from VII, 2 to IX, 3. Breed in un-
sheltered pools, associated with "sylvestris."

A. pretans Gross. Larvae in the Great Piece Meadow IV, 19-V, 10; adults,
Chester VII, 30, IX, 10, Great Piece Meadow IX, 13, Lake Hopatcong
VII, 21, Trenton VII, 18. Mr. Grossbeck writes: "Taken rarely except
in the Great Piece Meadows, where, in some years, it occurs in count-
less millions."

A. inconspicuous Gross. Larvae taken on Garret Mt., Paterson, IX, 29,
which produced adults X, 4, 5. They were found in a rock pool, and
have not been found since.

720 REPORT OP NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

A. aurifer Coq. Larvae from III, 23-V, 10 at Lahaway, Arlington V, 9,
Great Piece Meadows V. Adults from early May to late August, the
specimens matured in May living throughout the summer and biting
fiercely whenever they get a chance. They have been found in
troublesome numbers at Lake Hopatcong, Springdale, Culver's Lake
and Swartswood Lake. Breeds in woodland pools, the larger and
more permanent being preferred.

A. pallidohirta Gross. Larvae taken from a woodland pool on the Orange
Mts.; adults emerged V, 19, 22. Not found since, nor elsewhere.

A. fuscus O. S. Occurs throughout the State rarely, and only in spring.
It is a small species that does not attack man, and the larva occurs
in pools, both woodland and open.

CULEX Linn.

As now restricted, this genus contains those species of mosquitoes that
lay their eggs in boat-shaped rafts on the surface of the water. When at
rest, the body is held parallel to the surface- on which the mosquito is
placed — a character shared with the species of "Aedes" in distinction from
the species of "Anopheles."
C. pipiens Linn. The "house" or "rain-
barrel" mosquito. Common through-
out the State throughout the year.
Hibernates as an adult in cellars,
basements, barns and other build-
ings, and begins breeding early in
May. Breeds in pools and puddles of
all kinds and wherever even a cup-
ful of water remains for a week or
ten days. Cisterns and manure pits
offer equal attractions, and sewer
basins in cities are favorite resorts.
In general there is no water in which
this species does not breed, if there
are no natural enemies or adverse
natural conditions.
C. restuans Theob. Similar in habit and
appearance to the pi-eceding, but less

abundant, and the larva on the whole prefers cleaner water,
theless, it does sometimes occur in dirty, or even foul water.
C. salinarius Coq. Breeds only on the salt marshes from the last days
of May to the end of November. The adult resembles the common
"house mosquito" and has similar habits.
C. territans Wlk. Occurs throughout the State, breeding continuously
from April to October, sparingly at first, more abundantly later in the
season. The larvae are essentially clean water forms, and seem to

Larva and pupa of the house
mosquito.
Fig. 296.

Never

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 721

prefer the more permanent bodies of water, but they are occasionally
found in puddles and rarely in rain barrels.

C. saxatilis Gross. Larvae occurred in a rock-bottomed pool on the Gar-
ret Mt., Paterson, Aug. 31. and adults emerged the same day and
the one following; it has not been met with since.

C. melanurus Coq. The larvae breed and winter in cold spring pools in
Sphagnum swamps, among the bottom material. They have also
been found in early August with the egg boat and may breed all
summer. Thus far found only at Lahaway.

COQUILLETTIDIA Dyar.

C. perturbans Wlk. Local throughout the State and sometimes very com-
mon. Adults appear in May and continue into September. Eggs are
laid in rafts in overgrown swamps, and the larvae work into the bot-
tom mud, attach themselves to grass roots, and there remain until
the following year. Larval growth is very slow, and the adult is very
long lived and a fierce biter. It comes freely to porches, and is not
backward in entering houses, making it locally a first-class pest.

URANOT/ENIA Arrib.

U. sapphirina O. S. Local, but probably found throughout the State.
Larvae have been found in the Great Piece Meadows VIH, 10, Irving-
ton IX, 5, Trenton VIII, 5, Metedeconk Neck IX, 23, Lahaway VI, Cape
May. Breeds in open swamp areas well overgrown with floating
vegetation, the eggs laid in boat-shaped masses. The adult is a
small insect marked with metallic blue scales and does not bite.

WYEOMYIA Theob.

W. smithii Coq. Breeds in the leaves of pitcher plants, "Sarracenia,"
wherever these occur in the State. The adult is a small insect that
does not bite and lays its eggs in the leaves, fastened to the sides
when they have no water, or on the surface when they are full.
Larvae may be found at all times of the year, the winter being passed
in that stage, sometimes active, in mild weather, sometimes frozen
solid. The first adults mature late in May.

Family CORETHRID^.

The members of this family have until recently been included with the
mosquitoes; but in their light colors and generally weak appearance they
come nearer to the "Chironomidae." The mouth parts are not extended,
and are not furnished with lancets, so that they cannot bite. Except in
the genus "Corethrella" the known larv^ of our species are not depend-
ent upon atmospheric air. They live in the water, maintaining a hori-
zontal position some distance below the surface, and are so transparent
as to be almost invisible. They are predatory in habit.

46 IN

722 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

SAYOMYIA Coq.

S. albipes Johann. Larv« have been taken in the Great Piece Meadows,
at Paterson IV, VII, IX, Arlington V, Newark VIII, Trenton, Delair
VII, and the winter is apparently passed in that stage. Breeds in the
more permanent woodland pools, but is also found in more open
water.

S. punctipennis Say. Chester VIII, 1, Delair IX, 17, Riverton V, 19.

CORETHRA Meig.

C. cinctipes Coq. Lake Hopatcong VII, 22, Great Piece Meadow IV, 10,
Paterson V, 6, New Brunswick V, 3, Lahaway III, 28-IV, 26— all
larvffi. This is a common spring species breeding in large woodland
pools, the July specimen being a straggler. The larva is predaceous,
and when food is scarce becomes cannibalistic.

C. lintneri Felt. Larvae taken at Millburn jn May were not recognized
as distinct from the preceding until the adults emerged a few days
later.

CORETHRELLA Coq.

C. brakeleyi Coq. This is a very rare species which breeds in cold spring
pools and sphagnum swamps. Larvee have been taken by Mr.
Brakeley at Lahaway in almost every month of the year, and beside
that it has been taken only at Delair, by Mr. Seal, and at Trenton
by Mr. Grossbeck.

Family MYCETOPHILID/E.

These are fungus-gnats, also resembling mosquitoes or midges, but the
antennae are not verticillate or furnished with whorls of hair. In the
male the abdomen ends in a forceps-like process, and in the female in a
pointed ovipositor. There are other structural differences to characterize
the family, but these are not easily seen except by the student. The
larvae are feeders in fungus and in decaying vegetation generally, and
might be considered at worst harmless were it not that they attack culti-
vated mushrooms. The larvae are white, slender, have a black head,
and often live in large colonies. Some of them have the curious habit of
forming great rope-like masses when ready to enter the pupal stage,
sometimes travelling considerable distances to find a suitable place.

Where they occur in mushroom beds, fumigating frequently with to-
bacco or pyrethrum to kill the adults inside, and keeping all windows
closely screened to prevent the entrance of specimens from outside, is
the only practical measure known to me.

PLESIASTINA Winn. (SYMMERUS Wlk.)
P. annulata Meig. Riverton IV, 19.

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. .723

ASYNDULUM Latr.
A. montanum Roeder. Dunnfiekl, Del. Water Gap VII, 11, 15.

CEROPLATUS Bosc.
C. clausus Coq. New Brunswick (Sm).

PLATYURA Meig.
P. diluta Loew. Dunnfiekl, Del. Water Gap VII, 11, 15.
P. mendosa Loew. Clementon V, 30.
P. taeniata Winn. Dunnfiekl, Del. Water Gap VII 12.
P. elegans Coq. Orange Mts., Shark River VII, 12.
P. inops Coq. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 8, 12.
P. melasoma Loew. Delaware Water Gap VII, 12.
P. subterminalis Say. Riverton VIII, 11 (Jn); Lucaston IX, 2 (Dke);

Trenton VIII, 23 (Hk).
P. fascipennis Say. DaCosta VIII, 9 (Dke).

SCIOPHILA Meigen.

S. littoralis Say. Del. Water Gap VII, 8, 13, Dover VI, 17, Merchantville
VI, 28, Westville VIJ, 21, Clementon VI, 3 (Jn) ; New Brunswick VII,
20 (Sm).

NEOEMPHERIA O. S.

N. balioptera Loew. Princeton VII, 21, Westville VIII, 23.

N. nepticula Loew. Merchantville VI, 28.

N. didyma Loew. Woodbury VI, 7 (Jn) ; Lucaston IX, 12 (Dke).

POLYLEPTA Winn.
P. tibialis Coq. Dunnfiekl, Del. Water Gap VII, 8, Westville VI, 6.

ACNEMIA Winn.

A. flaveola Coq. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 11.

SYNTEIVINA Winn.
S. polyzona Loew. Clementon VI, 3.

BOLETINA Staeger.

B. tricincta Loew. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 15, Dover VII, 17,

Clementon VI, 3.
B. groenlandica Stseg. Forest Hill III, IV (Wdt) ; Merchantville III, 13

(Vk).

724 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

LEPTOMORPHUS Curt.
L. parvulus Coq. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 12.
L. walkeri Curtis. Trenton VIII, 23 (Hk).

EPICYPTA Winn.
E. punctum Stann. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap. VII, 15.
E. pulicaria Coq. Riverton IV, 19.

DOCOSIA Winn.

D. dichroa Loew. Malaga VI, 1, lona V, 10 (Dke).

NEOGLAPHYROPTERA O. S.

N. bivittata Say. Ft. Lee V (Lv) ; Princeton VII, 21, Jamesburg VII, 4,

Atco VII, 12 (Jn).
N. opima Loew. Dover VI, 17, Mercliantville VI, 28.
N. subiunata Loew. Mercliantville VI, 28.
N. ventral is Say. (Leja) Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 8, 15.

TRICHONTA Winn.
T. perspicua V. d. W. Riverton IV, 16.

EXECHIA Winn.

E. analis Coq. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 8.

IViYCETOPHILA Meigen.

iVi. punctata Meig. Riverton III, 20-IV, 8 (Jn) ; Mercliantville IX, 16

(Dke).
M. sigmoides Loew. Del. Water Gap VII, 8, Riverton III, 6.
M. contigua Walk. Riverton III, 6, IX, 9.
IVI. obscura Walk. Trenton IV, 19 (Hk) ; Riverton HI, 6, Clementon VL

IG.
M. vitrea Coq. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 12.
M. discoidea Say. New Brunswick VI, 11 (Coll).

DYNATOSOMA Winn.

D. scalaris Loew. (Mycetophila) Del. Water Gap VII, 8, Riverton III, 6,
Clementon V, 10.

MACROCERA Meig.
M. Clara Loew. Dunnfield VII, 8, Clementon VIII, 9 (Jn).
M. formosa Loew. Del. Water Gap VII, 12, Mercliantville V, 28, Clemen-
ton VIII, 9.

THE INSECTS OE NEW JERSEY. 725

M, nebulosa Coq. Clementon VI, 3, VIII, 9.

M. hirsuta Loew. Dimnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 11.

M. inconcinna Loew. Orange Mts. VIII (Wdt).

EUGNORISTE Coquillett.
E. occidentalis Coq. Trenton VIII, 3 (Hk).

SCIARA Meigen.

S. fulvicauda Felt. Types, Atlantic Co., from decaj-ed blackberry roots

(Sm).
S. pauciseta Felt. New Brunswick, types from decaying potatoes IX

(Sm).
S. multiseta Felt. New Brunswick, types bred from mushrooms V, and

this is the common species in mushroom cellars with us (Sm).
S. polita Say. Clementon V, 30.
S. inconstans Fitch. Newark, New Brunswick VIII, 7 (Coll); Riverton

II, 26, Clementon VI, 3.
S. abbreviata Walk. Anglesea VII, 12 (Sm).
S. fuliginosa Fitch. Palisades (Lv) ; N. Woodbury VI, 17, lona VI, 2

(Dke).
S. femorata Say. Fort Lee IV, V (Lv).

HESPERODES Coquillett.
H. johnsoni Coq. Delaware Water Gap VII, 12.

Family CECIDOMYIIDyE.

Small, slender, mosquito-like flies with broad wings, long slender an-
tennae with cylindrical or bead-like joints, the males often with whorls
of long hair on the segments, whence they are known as verticillate. On
the whole the insects are fragile in appearance, slow in flight, and they
are popularly known as "gall-gnats" or "gall-midges," because the larvae
of many species produce abnormal growths or galls on a great variety of
vegetation. These larvae are small, elongate-oval legless grubs, bluntly
pointed at both ends, often with a chitinous process, known as a breast-
bone, on the under side, near the anterior end.

Some of the species belonging here are among the most destructive of
those in the order, and the injury caused by them is of the most diverse
character. In some cases there is a true, gall-like swelling of the tissue;
in others it is a characteristic crippling or folding of a leaf or of a grow-
ing tip, or even a mere swelling of the tissue. Some species produce no
visible swellings or distortions at all, and some feed in or on seeds,
causing rather a shrivelling than a swelling. Much attention has re-
cently been paid to these insects by Mr. William Beutenmuller, of the
American Museum of Natural History, who has been good enough to pre-

y^G REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

pare the systematic part of this list, and by Dr. B. P. Felt, State Ento-
mologist of New York, and a great many new species have been desci'ibed,
some of which will undoubtedly be found in New Jersey. Mr. Beuten-
muller has in general included only actual records, mostly of his own col-
lecting, and the notes on food plants, etc., are his, unless otherwise
credited. In some cases galls have been described, of which the makers
are yet unknown, and these are separately listed. Dr. Felt has kindly
supplied additional notes from his breedings and studies, but I have not
been able to incorporate all his systematic suggestions.

As the species differ so widely in habit, so the methods of dealing with
them are diverse. Insecticides are available in the smallest number of
cases, and usually it is some change in cultural method that must be
relied upon to prevent injury.

LASIOPTERA Meigen.

L. carbonifera Felt. Makes galls on leaves of goldenrod; common and

g. d. (Bt). The gall was first desciibed by Osten Sacken, and the

name is so credited in the last edition.
L. cornicola Beut. Ft. Lee district. Galls on trunks and branches of

dogwood, "Cornus stolonifera" IX-VI (Bt) ; Staten Island (Ds).
L. cylindrigallae Felt. Ft. Lee district IV, V (Bt); Staten Island, gall

elongate on stems of goldenrod IV (Ft).
L. farinosa O. S. Throughout the State, locally common, galls on leaves

of blackberry, "Rubus villosus" VIII-X (Bt). See in this connection

"L. nodulosa" Beut.
L. humulicaulis Felt. New Jersey district (Bt) ; gall on stem of hop (Ft).
L. linderae Beut. Ft. Lee district and elsewhere, sometimes common;

galls on branches of spice bush, "Lindera benzoin" X-VI (Bt) ; Staten

Island, from irregular sub-cortical gall.
L. lycopi Felt. Plainfield; gall on bugleweed "Lycopus virginicus" IX-V

(Bt).
L. nodulosa Beut. Ft. Lee district; galls on branches of blackberry,

"Rubus villosus" X-VI (Bt). This is the species referred to in the

last edition as "farinosa." I have found it, locally, from New Bruns-
wick southward; sometimes also on dewberry, but never causing

actual injury in cultivated fields.
L. sambuci Felt. Ft. Lee district; galls on stems of elder, "Sambucus

canadensis" IX-VI (Bt) ; Staten Island (Ds).
L. solidaginis O. S. New Jersey district; larva probably inquilinous in

galls on Solidago (Bt).
L. tumifica Beut. Ft. Lee district; gall on stalk of golden-rod, "Solidago

rugosa" IX-VI (Bt) ; Staten Island, from eccentric sub-globular stem

gall (Ft).
L. vernoniae Beut. Ft. Lee district and elsewhere; galls on leaves of

ironweed, "Vernonia noveboracensis" IX (Bt) ; Staten Island IX (Ds).

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY.

/-/

L. viburnicola Beut. Ft. Lee district; galls on branches of arrowwood,
"Viburnum dentatum" X-VI (Bt) ; Staten Island (Ft).

L. vitinea Felt. Staten Island VI, 15; obpyriform, slightly curved gall on
leaf petiole of grape (Ft).

L. vitis O. S. Throughout the State, local on grape, V, VI (Sm); makes
swellings on stems and leaf galls of wild grapes (Bt).

CHORISTONEURA Rubs.

C. hibisci Felt. Staten Island IV; gall on stem of marshmallow, "Hibis-
cus moschatus" (Ft).

C. eupatorii Felt. Staten Island V; oval gall on stem of "Eupatorium"

(Ft).

RHABDOPHAGA Westw.

R. batatas Walsh. Montclair, Ft. Lee district; galls on twigs of "Salix
discolor" and allied species of willow (Bt); Staten Island (Ds).

R. ramuscula Felt. Staten Island, from willow twigs showing little or no
swelling (Ft).

R. brassicoides Walsh. Greenwood Lake, Montclair, Ft. Lee district
VII-IX, galls on branches of willow (Bt).

R. rigidas O. S. Montclair, Ft. Lee district, galls on low willows (Bt) ;
Staten Island (Ds).

R. salicifolia Felt. New Jersey district (Bt) ; bred from a pouch gall
on "Spiraea salicifolia" VI (Ft).

R. strobiloides O. S. Del. Water Gap VI (Jn) ; Greenwood Lake, Mont-
clair, Orange Mts., Englewood, Ft. Lee and g. d., galls on tip of
branches of low willows VIII-V (Bt).

DASYNEURA Rond.

D. gleditschiae O. S. Sometimes common locally on leaves of honey

locust, "Gleditschia triacanthos" VI (Bt) ; New Brunswick (Sm).

D. grossulariae Fitch. New Jersey district; larva in gooseberries (Bt).

D. hirtipes O. S. Ft. Lee district, Carlstadt; gall on fragrant golden-
rod, "Solidago graminifolia" VI, VII (Bt).

D. leguminicola Lint. The clover-seed midge; more or less common
throughout the State; but scarcely injurious because not much clover-
seed is raised, and the value of the crop for hay is not affected. If
clover-seed is wanted it is necessary to cut an early crop of flowers
for hay and make seed from the later flowers.

D. coryli Felt. Reared from corrugated leaves of "Corylus" at West
Nyack, N. Y. (Ft).

D. rhois Coq. New Jersey district; gall on roots of poison ivy (Bt).

D. pseudacaciae Fitch. Ft. Lee district (Bt) ; New Brunswick, common
on leaves of locust, "Robinia pseudacacia" (Sm).

-28 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

Fig. 297. — The Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor: on the left a healthy stalk of wheat
and on the right one infested at h by the "fly," showing galls; a, egg; b, larva; c, flax-
seed; d, pupa; all very much enlarged; c, fly ovipositing on leaf, natural size; f, female;
g, male fly, much enlarged; i, the parasite, Merisus destructor; also much enlarged.

THE INSECTS OE NEW JERSEY. 729

D. serrulatse O. S. Montclair, Ft. Lee district, Lakehurst, common
locally, gall on bud of alder, "Alniis serrulatus" IX-VI (Bt) ; Staten
Island (Ds).

D. soli dag in is Loew. Common throughout the State; gall on goldenrod
(Bt); Clementon VIII (Jn).

ARNOLDIA Kieffer.

A. fraxinifolia Felt. Newfoundland VII, 25, gall on young ash leaflets

(Ft).
A. vitis Felt. New Jersey district (Bt) ; from galls of "Lasioptera vitis"

(Ft).

ASPHONDYLIA Loew.

A. azaleae Felt. New Jersey district (Bt) ; galls on buds of azalea (Ft).

A. conspicua O. S. New Jersey district; gall on stem of cone-flower,
'•Rudbeckia triloba" VIII, IX (Bt).

A. globulus O. S. New Jersey district; gall on stem of sun-flower. "Heli-
anthus gigantea" VIII, IX (Bt).

A. patens Beut. New Jersey district; gall on aster VIII, IX (Bt).

A. solidaginis Beut. Montclair, Ft. Lee district, gall on leaf of golden-
rod (Bt).

RHOPALOMYIA Rubs.

R. fusiformis Felt. Ft. Lee district; galls on leaves and flowers of
fragrant goldenrod, "Solidago graminifolia" VIII, IX (Bt).

R. capitata Felt. Common at West Nyack, N. Y., just north of the New
Jersey line (Ft).

R. inquisitor Felt. Common at West Nyack, N. Y. (Ft).

R. major Felt. Staten Island V, 31 (Ft).

R. anthophila O. S. Staten Island (Ft).

MAYETIOLA Kieffer.
M. destructor Say. The "Hessian fly." Sometimes very destructive
north of the red shale line. The method usually adopted to avoid
injury is to plant as late as is safe. In the southern counties it may
be delayed until after mid-September and injury is rare; in the
northern counties planting soon after September 1st is usual and
this is dangerous. The flies usually emerge after the early Septem-
ber rains and are in the fields for two weeks thereafter. Sometimes
a scant early seeding is made as a trap, and this is plowed under
about September 10 and the real crop put in.

COMTARINIA Rond.

C. pyrivora Riley. The "pear midge." Infests pear, preferring the Law-
rence, causes an irregular lumpy growth, the larvae eating out the
core in June. This species has been gradually worked out and nov/
maintains itself only in a few places near New Brunswick and
Newark.

C. tritici Kirby. Locally and seasonally abundant north of the red shale
in wheat kernels. Not really injurious since 1889.

730 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

CECIDOMYIA Meigen.

C. annulipes Walsh. New Jersey district, inquilinous in galls of ''Rtiab-
dophaga strobiloides" (Bt).

C. anthophila O. S. New Jersey district; gall on golden-rod (Bt).

C. atricornis Walsh. New Jersey district; inquilinous in gall of "Rhab-
dophaga strobiloides" (Bt).

C. bulla Wash. New Jersey district; gall on leaves of wild sunflowers
"Helianthus decapetatus" and "divaricata" VIII, IX (Bt).

C. caryae O. S. Ft. Lee district; galls on leaves of hickory (Bt).

C. cerasifolia Felt. Newfoundland IX, 4; galls on leaves of choke cherry
(Ft).

C. clavula Beut. Orange Mts., Montclair, Ft. Lee district, common on
the terminal twigs of dogwood, "Cornus florida" VIII, IX (Bt) ;
Staten Island (Ds).

C. helianthi Brodie. Staten Island VIII, IX (Ds).

C. lysimachias Beut. Carlstadt, Ft. Lee district and elsewhere; galls in
buds of loosestrife, "Lysimachia" VI (Bt) ; Jamesbui'g and through-
out south Jersey about and on cranberry bogs; this seems to be the
species which I believed identical with that infesting cranberry
(Sm).

C. meibomi^ Beut. Staten Island (Ds) ; galls on tick-trefoil, "Meibomia"
sp., VIII, IX (Bt).

C. meibomiifoli.9s Beut. Carlstadt; galls locally common VIII, on buds of
"Meibomia canadensis" (Bt).

C. myrica Beut. Carltsadt; galls locally common on "Myrica cerifera"
(Bt).

C. nyssaecola Beut. Ft. Lee district and elsewhere, sometimes very com-
mon, galls on the edges of leaves of sour-gum, "Nyssa sylvatica" VI
(Bt).

C. orbitalis Walsh. New Jersey district; inquilinous in galls of "Rhab-
dophaga batatas," "strobiloides" and "brassicoides" (Bt).

C. pilulse Walsh. Common throughout the State; galls on leaves of red,
scarlet, black, scrub, black-jack and pin oak, "Quercus rubra," "coc-
cinea," "velutina," "nana," "maiTlandica" and "palustris" VII-X
(Bt).

C. pudibunda O. S. Ft. Lee district; galls on leaves of hornbeam, "Car-
pinus caroliniana" VI, VII (Bt).

C. resinicola O. S. Lakehurst and the pine barrens generally VIII, IX
(Bt).

C. rudbeckiae Beut. New Jersey district; galls on flower heads of cone-
flower, "Rudbeckia hirta" VIII (Bt).

C. seminivora Beut. Plainfield (Mill); gall is a malformation of the seed
capsule of apetalous or cleistogamous flowers of stemless or acau-
lescent violets, "Viola cucullata," "palmata," "affinis," "septen-
trionalis" VI-X (Bt).

THE INSECTS OE NEW JERSEY.

731

Fig. 298.

Fig. 299.

K ^c ^"^ ^^ --^y ^<

Fig. 300.

Fig. 298. — Pear midge, Contarinia pyrivora: a, female adult; c. pupa, both enlarged;
all other references to structural details.

Fig. 299. — A sound pear and one infested by the larvae of the pear midge.

Fig. 300. — A series of pears infested by the midge, showing distortions caused by larvae.

732 REPORT OP NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

C. thurstoni Brodie. New Jersey district; galls on sunflower, "Helian-

tlius divaricata," VIII, IX (Bt).
C. verbenae Beut. Ft. Lee district, locally common; galls on leaves of

nettle-leaved Verva.in, "Verbena urticifolia" VI, VII (Bt).
C. ulmi Beut. Carlstadt, Ft. Lee district, sometimes common; galls on

leaves of elm, "Ulmus americana," VI, VII (Bt).
C. oxycoccana Johns, (vaccinii Sm., not O. S.) Infests the terminal

growth of the cranberry, throughout South Jersey; locally known as

the "tip-worm" and sometimes injurious (Sm). Dr. Felt says it is a

"Dasyneura."

CECIDOMYLE KNOWN BY THEIR GALLS AND LARV^ ONLY.

C? angelicas Beut. Middlesex Co. (Mill); gall on stalk of "Angelica

villosa" IX, X (Bt).
C? boehmeriae Beut. New Jersey district; gall on stalk of false nettle,

"Boehmeria cylindrica" IX (Bt).
C. brachypteroides O. S. Lakehurst and in the pine barrens generally;

galls on the leaves of scrub pine, "Pinus inops" (Bt).
C. caryaecola O. S. Riverton IX (Jn) ; common everywhere, galls on

leaves of hickory VIII-X (Bt).
C? collinsoniae Beut. New Jersey district; galls on leaves of horse balm,

"Collinsonia canadensis" VIII, IX (Bt).
C. coryloides Walsh. New Jersey; galls on stems of wild grapes, "Vitis

riparia" and "cordifolia" (Bt).
C. citrinae O. S. Ft. Lee district; galls on the tips of twigs of basswood,

"Tilia americana," VIII, IX (Bt).
C. cynipsea O. S. New Jersey district; galls on leaves of hickory VIII-X

(Bt).
C. deserta Patt. New Jersey district; galls on hackberry, "Celtis occi-

dentalis" (Bt).
C? eupatoriflorae Beut. Ft. Lee district; galls in flower heads of "Eupa-

torium ageratoides" IX (Bt) ; Staten Island IX (Ds).
C. erubescens O. S. Ft. Lee district; galls on leaves of red oak, "Quercus

rubra," V, VI (Bt).
C. holotricha O. S. Throughout the State on leaves of hickory (Bt) ;

Staten Island (Ds) ; Riverton IX (Jn).
C. impatientis O. S. New Jersey; galls on "Impatiens pallida" VIII, IX

(Bt).
C. inopis O. S. Staten Island (Ds) ; Riverton VII, IX (Jn) ; throughout

the pine barrens generally; galls on the leaves of scrub pine, "Pinus

inops."
C. liriodendri O. S. Common throughout the State; galls on the leaves

of tulip tree "Liriodendron tulipifera."
C. majalis O. S. New Jersey; galls on leaves of pine oak, "Quercus

palustris" (Bt).

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 733

C. niveipila O. S. Ft. Lee, galls on young leaves of red oak, "Qiiercus
rubra," V, VI (Bt) ; Staten Island (Ds) ; Riverton (Jn).

C. nuicola O. S. New Jersey; in the husks of hickory nuts (Bt).

C. pel lex O. S. Ft. Lee district; galls on leaves of ash, "Fraxinus," V, VI
(Bt).

C. ocellaris O. S. Throughout the State; galls on leaves of red maple,
"Acer rubrum," V, VI (Bt) : Staten Island VI (Ds).

C. persicoides O. S. Ft. Lee district; galls on the under side of hickory
leaves VIII, IX (Bt) ; Chimney Rock, Bound Brook, New Brunswick
(Sm).

C. poculum O. S. Common throughout the State; galls on leaves of white
oak, "Quercus alba," VIII-X (Bt) ; the "oak-spangle" of Fitch and a
very characteristic structure.

C. pomum Walsh & Riley. Throughout the State in early summer on
various species of grape, wild and cultivated; a very fleshy and often
reddish discolored gall on vines, leaf -stalks and even tendrils; some-
times single, sometimes with a number of cells. Often attracts atten-
tion, but is rarely injurious and disappears before mid-summer.

C.? pustuloides Beut. Ft. Lee, Lakehurst; galls on red, scarlet, black,
scrub and black-jack oak, "Quercus rubra," "coccinea." "velutina,"
"nana" and "marylandica," IX (Bt).

C? racemicola O. S. Plainfield (Mill) ; galls among the racemes of
golden rods, "Solidago canadensis," "puberula" and "serotina" IX
(Bt); Staten Island (Ds).

C. salicifoliae O. S. New Jersey; gall on "Spiraea salicifolia" (Bt).

C. sanguinolenta O. S. Ft. Lee district and elsewhere, common; galls on
the leaves of hickory VL VII (Bt) ; Staten Island (Ds).

C. serotlna3 O. S. Greenwood Lake, Montclair, Ft. Lee district; gall on
twig of wild cherry, "Prunus serotina," V, VI (Bt) ; Staten Island
(Ds).

C? triadeni Beut. Middlesex Co. (Mill); gall on stalk of marsh St.
John's-wort, "Triadenum virginicum," IX (Bt).

C. tubicola O. S. Common almost everywhere in the State; galls on the
leaves of hickory VIII, IX (Bt) ; Riverton IX (Jn) ; Jamesburg, Laha-
way (Sm).

C. tulipifera O. S. Short Hills; galls on the ribs of leaves of tulip tree,
"Liriodendron tulipifera," VIII, IX (Bt).

C. umbellicola O. S. South Orange, from galls among the umbels of
elder, "Sambucus racemosa" (O. S.); Ft. Lee district, on common
elder, "S. canadensis," VI (Bt) ; Staten Island (Ds).

C. verrucicola O. S. Little Falls, Staten Island (Ds) ; Ft. Lee district;

galls on leaves of basswood, "Tilia americana," VII-IX (Bt) ; New

Brunswick and frequently elsewhere in the State (Sm).
C? vacclnii O. S. Dover, Morris Plains, Clementon (.In); galls on the

underside of leaves of huckleberry, "Vaccineum stramineum," IX, X

(Bt).

734 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

C. viticola O. S. Ft. Lee district; galls on leaves of wild grape (Bt)
Staten Island (Ds) ; Vincentown (U S Ag).

Family BIBIONIDiE.

Loose-jointed, ungainly flies of moderate size, with long, stout legs,
body often clothed with long hair, antennae many jointed but short and
stout, mouth parts a little produced. There is often considerable differ-
ence between the sexes, and in some cases the females have a ridicu-
lously small head. From the very early appearance of- some species
they are called "March flies," and sometimes they occur in orchards in
numbers so great as to attract attention.

The larvae are cylindrical, footless grubs, and "feed on excremental oi
vegetable substances, especially on the roots of grass." They have not
been, thus far, injurious in New Jersey.

PLECIA Wied.

P. heteroptera Say. Caldwell (Cr); Jamesburg (Sm) ; Lucaston IX, 4,
Mamimuskin X, 21 (Dke).

BIBIO Geoff.

B. albipennis Say. Caldwell (Cr) ;
Newark (Sm); Westville V, 19,
Clementon V, 30 ( Jn) ; Manu-
muskin V, 21 (Dke).

B. pal li pes Say. Husted V, 21
(Coll); Jamesburg VII, 4, Riv-
erton V, 1.

B. femorata Wied. Caldwell (Cr) ;
Newark V (Sm); Riverton V,
1 (Jn); National Park V, 6
(Dke).

B. xanthopus Wied. Caldwell (Cr),
Riverton IV, 30.

B. longipes Loew. Palisades (Lv);
Delair, Riverton, Wenonah, Lu-
caston, common X, XI (Dke).

B. slossonas Ckll. (gracilis Walk,
not Unger.) Clementon X, 11
(Hk).

DILOPHUS IVIeig.
D. breviceps Loew. Toms River V,

30 (Dke); Westville V,
Clementon V, 9, VI, 16.

Fig. 301. — Bibio albipennis : a, male; c, its
liead; b, female; d, her head; all en-
larged. Other references to
19. structural details.

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY.

735

D. dimidiatus Loew. Avalon VI, 8 (Jn) ; Anglesea V (div) ; Cape May
IX, 21 (Dke).

D. thoracicus Say. Forest Hill IX (Wdt) ; Blackwood VI, 8 (Jn).

SCATOPSE Geoffroy.
S. notata Linn. Clementon V, 9 (Jn) ; Glassboro V, 19 (Hk).
S. pygmaea Loew. Riverton VII, 31, IX, 9.
S. atrata Say. Riverton IV, 23.

EUPITENUS Macq.

E. ater Macq. Riverton IV, 9 (CG).

Family SIMULID.E.

Rather undersized chunky flies, known as "black flies," dark in
color, the thorax well developed and somewhat produced forward so as
to partially conceal the small head from above. Though the head is
small in proportion to the insect, the mouth parts are exceedingly well
developed and furnished with a formidable array of lancets for punctur-
ing and blood-sucking. The wings are
short and broad, the venation obscure
except along the front margin.

These flies are horrible pests local-
ly, not so much in our State as in
some others west and north, the "buf-
falo gnat" of the Mississippi Valley -, /^ y, , ^^-'
region and "black fly" of the north t '^^d Wyy^-^'
woods being excellent examples. §>f^(n^^^^'\.^^^^ J?/

In New Jersey some species are
pests in the Orange Mountains and
northward, getting into the ears of
horses, or even occasionally of man.

The larvEe are aquatic and live in
running water.

SIMULIUM Latr.

S. venustum Say. "Black fly"; Del.
Water Gap VII, 11, Clementon V.
30 (Jn); Orange Mts., Caldwell
VII (Cr); Lucaston IX, 3 (Dke).

S. invenustum Walk. Passaic (U S
Ag); Orange Mts. (Sm), Clemen-
ton IV, 15 (Jn); Manumuskin IV.
28, lona IV, 20 (Dke).

S. vittatum Zett. Orange Mts. (Sm).

S. meridionale Riley. Passaic (U S Ag)

Buflfalo-gnat.

Fig. 302.

Riverton VII, 6, X, 20.

S. bracteatum Coq. Clementon V, 30.

7Z6 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

Family RHYPHID.^.

These are known as "false crane flies," differing in the smaller size
and broader, spotted wings. They often come into houses, and the
larvas live in water, rotten wood or excrementitious matter. They are
of no economic importance.

RHYPHUS Latr.

R, alternatus Say. Caldwell (Cr) ; Morris Plains VI, 25, Riverton III, 20,
Clementon V, 30 (Jn); Merchantville VI, 26 (Dke).

R. punctatus Fab. Palisades (Lv) ; Monmouth County (Sm); Delair X.
5 (Dke); Camden XII, 8 (Kp); Westville (Jn).

R. fenestraiis Scop. Camden VIII, 12 (Jn).

Family STRATIOMYIDiE.

Known as "soldier flies" from their yellow bands and stripes. Usually
they are somewhat depressed or even much flattened, especially the
abdomen, over which the wings are laid flat and overlapping each other.
The mouth parts are developed for lapping only, and the adults are
always found among flowers. The antennae vary in shape, and may be
short or of quite moderate length, but always the third joint is compound,
and often has an arista.

The larvae vary greatly in habit, from predatory to feeders upon excre-
ment, living or dead vegetable matter, on land or in water; some of them
have been even found in salt or alkaline water.

None are of economic importance.

ALLOGNOSTA O. S.

A. f uscitarsis Say. Caldwell (Cr) ; Newark VI, 15, Anglesea V, 27 (Jn) ;

New Brunswick (Sm) ; Trenton V, 21 (Hk).
A. obscuriventris Loew. Culver's Lake V, 29 (Coll) ; Westville VI, 15

(Jn) ; Ocean Co. V (Sm) ; Clementon V, 30 (Hk) ; Anglesea V, 30

(W).

ACTINA Meigen. (BERIS Latr.)

A. viridis Say. New Brunswick, Ocean Co. (Sm) ; Ashland V, 30, Clemen-
ton V, 30 (Hk).

HERMETIA Latr.

H. illucens Linn. Trenton VII, 7 (Hk).

PTECTICUS Loew.

P. sackeni Will, (testaceus O. S., not Fab.) New Brunswick VIII, 21
(Sm); Dunnfield VII, 15, Riverton VII, 16, Westville VII, 2 (Jn);
Brown's Mills VIII, 30, bred from fungus (Dke).

P. trivittatus Say. (similis Will.) Dunnfield VII, 8, Riverton VI, 20, VII,
3, Westville VIII. 8.

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. j^y

GEOSARGUS Bezzi. (SARGUS Fab.)

G. decorus Say. Caldwell (Cr) ; Palisades (Lv) ; Newark VI, 14, James-
burg VII, 4 (.In); Trenton V, 2G (Hk); Riverton VI, 15, Merchant-
ville V, 26 (Dke).

G. elegans Loew. Caldwell (Cr).

G. viridis Say. Trenton V, 21 (Hk); Clementon V, 30.

G. caeruleifrons Johns. Dunnfield VII, 12 (Jn) ; Riverton VI, 15 (Dke).

G. cuprarius Linn. Over fifty specimens of this European species were

taken along Second River, near Newark VI, 12-14, 1892 (Jn) ; one

specimen, Caldwell VI, 10, 1892 (Cr).

PEDICELLA Bigot. (MACROSARGUS Bigot.)
P. clavis Will. Newark VI (Wdt).

MICROCHRYSA Loew.

M. polita Linn. Newark V, Merchantville VII, 19 (Jn) : New Brunswick
(Sm).

STRATIOMYIA Geoff.
^ S. meigenii Wied. Westville VII, 5, VIII, 8, Anglesea VII, 19.

S. norma Wied. Del. Water Gap VII, 15 (Jn) ; Caldwell (Cr).
S. discalis Loew. Elizabeth V, 17 (Kp) ; Ashland VI, 21 (Hk) ; Westville
VI, 15, Cramer Hill V, 23, Clementon V, 16 (Jn).

ODONTOMYIA Meig.

^ O. cincta Oliv. Palisades VI, 7 (Lv); Avalon VI. 9, Anglesea V, 30, VII,

25. Cape May VI, 14 (Jn).
O. hieroglyphica Oliv. Morris Plains VI, 25.
O. vertebrata Say. Westville VI, 14, Avalon VI, 30, Anglesea V, 30, VII,

19 (Jn); Ashland VII, 16 (Hk).
O. Virgo Wied. Westville VII, 12, Merchantville VI, 28 (Jn) ; Trenton VII,

7, Clementon VI, 25 (Hk).
O. microstoma Loew. Atlantic City VII, 15. Anglesea VII, 25, Cape May

VI, 22.
O. flavicornis Oliv. Caldwell (Cr) ; Southern New Jersey (Sm).
O. interrupta Oliv. Sandy Hook, Westville IV, 2G, Clementon V, 10 (Jn) ;

Ashland V, 13 (Hk).
O. pubescens Say. Sandy Hook.

EUPARYPHUS Gerst.

E. tetraspilus Loew. Boonton VI, 14 (GG).

ADOXOMYIA Kertez. (CLITELLARIA Auct.)
A. subulata Loew. Riverton VII, 8.

47 i^'

738 REPORT OF NEW JERvSEY STATE MUSEUM.

. NEMOTELUS Geoff.
N. carbonarius Loew. Avalon VI, 8, Anglesea VII, 4, Cape May VI, 14.
N. crassus Loew. Lenola V, 30.

OXYCERA Meigen.

O. maculata Oliv. Merchantville VI, 28, Clementon V, 30, Lenola (Jn) ;
Egg Harbor VH, 10 (Coll).

PACHYGASTER Meigen.
P. pulcher Loew. Avalon VII, 22.

Family TABANID^.

These are naoderate or large species, popularly known as "horse-flies,"
but locally and referring to special types, also as "gad-flies," "deer-flies,"
"ear-flies," "golden-eyed flies," "strawberry flies," etc. They have short,
broad heads, enormous, often gaily colored eyes, flattened abdomen, and
short though many-jointed antennae. The mouth parts consist of a series
of sharp, pointed lancets, four in the male, six in the female, inclosed in
a soft, fleshy labella or lip. The males live on plant nectar, and do not
"bite," but the females attack animals of all kinds and are often a
serious annoyance to stock. They frequent woods or the edges of wood-
land, low meadows or marshy places, and, as Mr. Daecke interestingly
shows, the species are often present in very limited areas. They are
often troublesome in wood roads, because, with three or four of these
flies buzzing about, horses may be driven almost frantic; and so sharp
and rigid are the mouth structures that blood appears almost as soon as
the insects strike. The species along shore are usually light in color,
the eyes green, whence the term "green-heads" that is applied to them.
The larger species of "Tabanus" do not often attack man, but the species
of "Chrysops" are frequently troublesome in the woods.

In some localities the flies are a serious pest to stock, and in such
places much good can be done by collecting the flies. There are also a
few animals that are especially liable to attack, and from such the flies
can be collected with a small net in such quantities as to materially
reduce the supply. As each female fly may lay from 200 to 500 eggs, the
effect upon the future generations will be decidedly marked. The attack
may be even concentrated on a few gentle animals by treating the others
with fish oil soap, to which a little crude carbolic acid has been added.

The larvaB are elongated, somewhat flattened creatures, living in the
mud along water courses and in swamps, and they feed upon the organic
material lound in such places. Clearing and draining will gradually re-
duce breeding places as the lands are brought under cultivation.

The present list has been prepared by Mr. V. A. E. Daecke, who has
made a special study of the species of this family, and in general, when
not otherwise credited, the records are his, as are also the changes made
in nomenclature from the previous edition.

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY

PANGONIA Latr.
P. pigra O. S. Dimnfleld, Del. Water Gap VII, 12 (Jn).
P. rasa Loew. New Hope (Hk).

739

G. chrysocoma O. S.

GONIOPS Aldrich.
DLinnfield. Del. Water Gap VII, 11 (Jn).

CHRYSOPS Meigen.
C. excitans Wlk. Lakeluust VI, 15 (Ds) ; Toms River V, 30. Bamber V,

VI, 3 (Dke).
C. celer O. S. Common everywhere, mid-May to early July.
C. carbonarius Wlk. (fugax O. S.) Newark VI. 13, Buena Vista VI, 11,

Atco VI, 4 (Jn); Clementon V, 30 (CG) ; Lacy V, 27, DaCosta VI, 15,

common (Dke).
C. mitis O. S. Jamesburg VII, 14 (Hk); Brown's Mills VI. 25 (Dke).
C. cuclux Whitney. Orange Mts. V (Wdt) ; Trenton VII. 1 (Coll).
C. niger Macq. Common everywhere, V, 12-VII. 4 (Dke).
C. brimleyi Hine. Throughout the pine barrens V, 20-VII. 4 (Dke).
C. amazon Daecke. Brown's Mills, end VI, early VII, rare (Dke).
C. .nigrobimbo Whitney. Throughout the pine barrens end VI-IX (Dke).
C. plangens Wied. Passaic VI, 8 (Coll); Newark meadows VI (Wdt);

Staten Island VI, 3 (Ds) ; Atco VI, 4, Avalon VI, Cape May VI, 14

(Jn); Anglesea V, 28 (Dke).
C. fallax O. S. Dunnfield VII, 11, Morris Plains VI, 25. Jamesburg VII,

Atco VI, 15, Buena Vista VI, 11 (Jn) ; Chester VIII. Millburn VII

(Coll); Wenonah VI, 22; locally common (Dke).
C. moechus O. S. From all sections of the State VI. 28-VIII. 8.

Fig. 303. — Chrysops uiuinttattis : enlarged.

C. univittatus Macq. Throughout the State VI, 14-VIII, 23; locally a pest
along the edges of woods (Dke).

740 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

C. bistellatus Daecke. Birmingham VII, 8 (Hk); Brown's Mills Dist.,

end VI to mid VII (Dke).
C. indus O. S. Trenton VII, 5, Ashland VI, 22, Wenonah VI, 23 (Hk);

Clementon V, 10-30 (div) ; Almonesson V, 20 (W) ; Brown's Mills

V. 27 (Dke).
C. vittatus Wied. From all sections of the State VI, 28-IX, 1.
C. striatus O. S. Delair VIII, 7, rare (Dke).
C. sequax Will. Ashland VII, Clementon IX, 7 (Hk) ; Wenonah VII,

Lucaston IX, 8 (Dke).
C. lugens Wied. Trenton VII, 15 (Hk).

var. morosus O. S. Trenton VII (div); Newbold VII, 14 (c^) 21 ($),

Bamber VII, 9, Toms River VII, 12 (Dke) ; Wenonah VI, 23 (Hk) ;

Lake Hopatcong VIII, 6, Lakehurst VIII, 23 (Coll).
C. parvulus Daecke. Jamesburg VII, 4 (Hk); Lakehurst (Ds) ; Bamber

VII, 9, Toms River VII, 12 (Dke).
C. hinei Daecke. Lakehurst IX, 3-16 (Ds) ; Atlantic Co. VIII, 7 (Coll);

Weymouth VIII, 16, lona VIII, 25 (Dke).
C. obsoletus Wied. Ft. Lee VI, 23, National Park VIII, 13, Wenonah VI,

22 (Dke); Trenton VII, 11 (Hk) ; Jamesburg VII, 4, Westville VII,

26, Avalon VII, 22 (Jn) ; Clementon VII, 23 (CG).
C. delicatulus O. S. Lakehurst VII, 7 (Coll), Brown's Mills VI, 25, Toms

River VII, 12, DaCosta VI, 29, Bamber VII, 9 (Dke).
C. callidus O. S. Common everywhere, early V to end of VII.
C. dimmocki Hine. loaa VI, 2, Anglesea V, 28, Cape May VI, 7 (Dke).
C. montanus O. S. Morris Plains VI, 24, Merchantville VI, 28 (Jn) ;

Trenton VII, 5, 11 (Hk); Clementon VL 25-VIII. 8 (div).
C. sackeni Hine. Paterson VI, 7, Trenton VI, 28 (Coll); Ft. Lee VII, 4,

Brown's Mills VI, 17, DaCosta VI, 3 (Dke).
C. frigidus O. S. Dover VI, 23 (Jn).
C. pudicus O. S. Trenton VII, 11 (Hk) ; Brown's Mills VI, 27-VII, 1,

DaCosta VI, 24 (Dke); Atco VI, 18, Anglesea (Jn).
C. cursim Whitney. Jamesburg VII, 4, Clementon VI, 24 (Dke); Lake-
hurst VI. 16 (Ds); Brown's Mills VII, 1, DaCosta VII, 4 "(Dke).
C. fulvostigma Hine. Lakehurst VII, 27, one specimen (Ds).
C. brunneus Hine. Newark meadows VII (Wdt) ; Cape May Vllt, 9

(Dke).
C. flavidus Wied. Linden VII, 16 (Coll), Trenton VII, 5 (Hk): and

from all sections south of the Piedmont Plain VI, 29-VIII, 23.

H>EMATOPOTA Meig.
H. punctulata Macq. Jamesburg VII, 4 (Jn).

TABANUS Linn. (THERIOPLECTUS Zell.)

T. cinctus Fab. Jamesburg VII, 4 (Hk) ; Lakewood (div); Lakehurst
"""^JTfl, 4 (Coll); Brown's Mills VII, 1 (Dke).

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 741

T. lasiophthalmus Macq. Common tln'oughout south Jersey, less abund-
' aut on the Piedmont Plain and northwardly V, 28-VII, 15 (Dke).

T. trispilus Wied. Throughout the State VI, 28-VII, 15.
/ T. epistates O. S. Morris Plains VI, 24 (Jn) ; Glassboro VI, 18 (CG) ;
Sea Isle City V (Luccareni) ; Cape May VI, 7 (Dke) ; includes the
records under "affinis" Kirby, of last edition.

T. hinei Johns, (politus Johns.) Type locality Merchantville VI. 28
(Jn) ; Jamesburg VII, 4 (div) ; Malaga VII, 20, Brown's Mills VI, 17,
25 (Dke); Clementon VI, 24 (Hk).

T. recedens Wlk. (catenatus O. S.) Caldwell VI, 15 (Cr) ; New Bruns-
wick IX, 24 (Coll): Jamesburg VII, 4 (Hk) ; Merchantville VI, 19
(Kp); Lakewood (Lansing); Brown's Mills VI, 5-21 (Dke); Atlantic
Co. VI, 24 (Sm).

T. exul O. S. Caldwell (Cr) ; Orange Mts., Newark VII, 11, New Bruns-
wick VII, 22, Lahaway VII, 17 (Coll); Merchantville VII, 19 (CG).

T. sulcifrons Macq. Dunnfield VII ( Jn) ; Boonton VI, 19 (GG) ; Manu-
mliskin VIII, 26 (Dke).

T. astutus O. S. Del. Water Gap VII (Jn) ; Jamesburg VII, 4 (Hk).

T. abdominalis Fab. Caldwell (Cr) ; Elizabeth VII, 30 (Kp).

T. molestus Say. Orange Mts. (Sm).

T. trimaculatus Say. Caldwell (Cr) ; Orange Mts., New Brunswick VII,
. OTTSway VII, 1 (Coll); Woodbury VI, 4 (Kp).

T. melanocerus Wied. Lakewood (Lansing); Brown's Mills VI, 27, VII,
10 (div); Wenonah VII, 15, Bamber VII, 13, Malaga VII, 27 (Dke).

T. coffeatus O. S. Common south of the Piedmont Plain V, 15-VIII, 8.

T. orion O. S. Caldwell (Cr); Palisades (Love); College Farm (Coll);
Atco (Kp).

T. nivosus O. S. Type in Coll. A E S is from New Jersey; Riverton VII, 4.

T. vivax O. S. Dunnfield VII, 11, 15 (Jn).

T. longus O. S. Weymouth VIII, 8 (Dke).

T. gracilis Wied. DaCosta VII, 20, Weymouth VIII, 8 (Dke).

T. pumllus Macq. From all the faunal regions except the maritime VI,
19-VII, 13, locally common.

T. sparus Whitney. Common south of the Piedmont Plain V, 25-VII, 26.

T. lineola Fab. Throughout the State VI, 6-IX, 6, more or less common
"locally; less abundant in the north.
^ T. nigrovittatus Macq. The common green-head of the seashore; abun-
dant from Sandy Hook to Cape May, VI, 20-IX, 2. Extends inland
sparingly, and is recorded from New Brunswick VIII, 9 (Coll) ; Glass-
boro VIII. 2 (CG).

T. costalis Wied. Throughout the State VII, 4-IX,l.

T. conterminus Wlk. Stone Harbor VII, 5 (Dke); 5-mile beach VII, 20

(Hk).
T. zonalis Kirby. Greenwood Lake V, 30 (Watson); Prof. Osburn says

this is the southernmost record for this species.

742 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

T. fulvulus Wied. Clementon VII, 11 (Hk); Lakewood (Lansing);

Malaga VII, 20 (Dke).
T. sagax O. S. Boonton VI, 20 (GG) ; Jamesburg VII, 4 (Hk) ; Lakewood

(Lansing): Brown's Mills VI, 24, VII, 10 (div) ; Bamber VIII, 11,

Lacy VII, 23 (Dke).
T. nigres cens Pal. Beauv. Dunnfield VII, 8, 15 (Jn) ; Caldwell (Cr) ;

Lahaway VII, 22 (Coll); Brown's Mills VII, 10 (Hk).
T. superjumentarius Whitney. Dunnfield VII, 11 (Jn) ; Jamesburg VII, 4

(div).
T. stygius Say. Boonton VI, 20 (GG) ; Caldwell (Cr); New Brunswick
"^^lOo (Sm); Jamesburg VII, 4 (Hk); Riverton VII, 14 (Jn) ; Cam-
den, Merchantville VII, 19 (CG) ; Manumuskin VI, 21 (Dke).
T. atratus Forst. Throughout the State, more or less common VI & VII.

DuTMargest "horse fly," blue black in color, with a pruinose coating

when fresh.

Fig. 304. — Tabantis atratus, black horse fly: a, larva;
b, pupa; c, adult.

T. ame ricanus Forst. Glassboro VII, 1, VIII, 1 (GG) ; Lakewood (Lan-
sing) ; Pt. Pleasant, Atlantic City VIII (Stone) ; Brown's Mills VIII,
4, DaCosta VII, 20 (Dke).

T. giganteus DeG. Caldwell (Cr) ; Ft. Lee VIII, 14 (Dke); Palisades (Lv).

T. mexicanus Linn. DaCosta VIII (Bland).

T. reinwardtii Wied. Dunnfield VII, 11 (Jn); Caldwell (Cr) ; New Bruns-
wick (Sm).

T. typhus Whitney. DaCosta VI, 4 (Dke).

T. bicolor Wied. Orange Mts. VII, 4, Clementon V, 30, Buena Vista VI,
11 (Jn); Collingswood VII, 17 (CG); 2-mile beach VII, 12 (Dke).

Family. LEPTIDTE.

Termed "snipe flies" by Prof. Comstock because of the general form of
body in many species. The thorax is rather globular, the abdomen

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 743

pointed, the head moderately large, antennae short, mouth parts pro-
longed into a beak projecting downward and backward, legs rather long
and slender. Some of the species are densely hairy, with contrasting
golden yellow and black or brown markings. They are predatory in
habit, but rather sluggish in motion. The larvte are also predatory, and
live under widely-varying conditions.

XYLOPHAGUS Meigen.

X. persequus Walk. Caldwell (Cr); Clementon IV, 22 (Dke).

X. lugens Loew. Caldwell (Cr) ; Palisades IV, under chestnut bark (Lv);
Riverton IV, 17 (Jn) ; Woodbury IV, 29 (Kp).

X. abdominalis Loew. Riverton; the larvje and pupae were found be-
neath the bark of a dead pine 111, 20: imagoes emerged IV, 5 and 8
(Jn); Grenloch V, 6 (W).

XYLOMYIA Rond.

X. pallipes Say. New Brunswick VI, iO, Lahaway VII, G (Sm); National

Park VI. :;. Westville VI, 30 (Dke).
X. tenthredinoides V. d. W. Ft. Lee VI, 23 (Dke); Wenonah VI, 23 (Hk).

DIALYSIS Walker.

D. rufithorax Say. Trenton Vll. 3 (Hk); Westville VI, 6, Merchantville

VI. 28.
D. elongata Say. Dunnfield VII, 12, Jamesburg VII, 4.

LEPTIS Fab.

L. punctipennis Say. Dover VI, 17, Newark VI, IG, Westville VI, 6,

Clementon V, 30.
L. plumbea Say. New Brunswick (Sm).
L. mystacea Macq. Palisades V, 24 (Lv) ; Dover VI, 18, Woodbury IV, 30,

Clementon V, 30 (Jn) ; New Brunswick (Sm).
L. hirta Loew. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 15.
L. ochracea Loew. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 8-15.
L. scapularis Loew. "New Jersey" (Bt).

CHRYSOPILA Macq.

C. ornata Say. Dover VI, 18, Newark VI, 16 (Jn) ; Palisades V, 30 (Lv) ;
Trenton VII, 9 (Coll).

C. thoracica Fab. Dover VI, 17, Newark VI, 13 (Jn) ; Orange Mts., Angle-
sea VII, 25 (Sm).

C. fasciata Say. Dunnfield VII, 8, 14, Newark VI, 15, Westville VII, 2
(Jn); Trenton VII, 7( Hk).

C. quadrata Say. Dunnfield VII, 8, 15, Ft. Lee; Atco VII, 12, Riverton
VI, 15, Anglesea VI, 11.

744 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

C. propinqua Walk. Mullica Hill, Clementon V, 30, Anglesea VII, 25.
C. basilaris Say. Ft. Lee VII, 4 (Dke); Riverton VII, 3, Westville VIII, 18.
C. rotundipennis Say. Biiena Vista VI (Li); Riverton VI, 19, VII, 3 (Jn) ;
Egg Harbor VII, lO (Coll).

SYMPHOROMYIA Fraun.
S. cinerea Johns. Long Branch VI, 9-12.

Family CYRTID^.

Called "small-headed flies" because of the unusually small head com-
pared with the large hump-backed thorax and inflated abdomen. They
are the "Acrocerld^" of previous list, are rare, the larvae are parasitic
upon spiders or their egg sacs, and they are of no economic importance.

ONCODES Latr.
O. costatus Loew. "New Jersey," no data.

O. pallidipennis Loew. Trenton VI. 3 (Hk) ; Anglesea VI, 20 (Sm).
O. incultus O. S. Boonton VI, 16 (GG) ; Collingswood VI, 11 (Jn).

OPSEBIUS Costa.

O. pterodontinus O. S. Lakehurst VIII, 18 (Coll); parasitic on "Agalena
naevia."

ACROCERA Meigen.

A. fasciata Wied. Philadelphia, bred from "Lycosa stonei," a spider
which also occurs in New Jersey.

Family BOMBYLIID.F.

These are the "bee-flies," which derive their common name from the
fact that they are more oi less covered with dense, diverging whitish or
yellow hair, giving them a close resemblance to certain bees. Many
occur, hovering over bare places in early spring, others are found on
flowers, often poised in mid-air between or over tliem. One series
resembles the bumble-bees and has a long pointed proboscis; the other is
more slender, the abdomen tending to become flattened, with a short
proboscis and much less contrasting colors.

The larvEe are parasitic or partly predatory. Some are true parasites
in lepidopterous larvte; others feed on the egg-pods of grasshoppers
while yet others feed in nests of bees, destroying first the bee egg or
larva and then feeding upon the food stored for it.

They are never harmful to growing vegetation, hence may be classed
as, on the whole, beneficial.

Fig. 305.

Fig. 307.

Fig. 306.

T?ig- 305.~Antl,rax hippomelas: a, larva; b, fly pupa projc-ctine from cnt-worm pupa:
C, pupa; d, adult: all enlarged.

Fig. 306.— Bee-fly, Systocchus areas, parasitic on grasshoijpcr egg-pods, pupa and adult.
Fig. 307.— Larva of Systoechus areas enlarged and details of structure.

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 745

SPOGOSTYLUM Macq.

S. anal is Say. Del. Water Gap VII, 10, Sandy Hook, Anglesea IX, 4
(Jn): Malaga IX, 5 (Hk) ; Lakewood VIII (Lansing); Atco IX. 1
(Kp); Clementon VIII, 9, Sea Isle VII, 22 (Jn).

S. albofasciatum Macq. Westville VIII, 21, Atco VII, 9, Buena Vista VI,
11 (Jn); Clementon VI, VIII (div) ; Pemberton IX, 1 (Hk); lona

VI, 2 (Dke).

S. pauper Loew. Del. Water Gap VII, 10, Westville VIII, 14-23 (Jn) ;
Clementon VI. VIII (div); Pemberton VII, 8 (Hk) ; Atco IX, 1 (Kp) ;
Anglesea IX, 8 (Dke).

S. limatula Say. Riverton IX, 5.

S. argyropyga Wied. Dunnfield VII, 11, 15, Riverton VII, 4 (Jn) ; Tren-
ton VII. 9 (Hk).

S. oedipus Fab. Del. Water Gap VII, 12, Westville V, 18, VI. 27, VIII, 23
(Jn); Chester (Dkn) ; Caldwell (Cr)i Lahaway VII, 1 (Coll).

S. simson Fab. Boonton VIII, 22, IX, 5 (GG) ; Caldwell (Cr); Sandy
Hook (Bt) ; Trenton IX, 2, Pemberton IX, 1 (Hk) ; Westville VIII, 23,
Clementon VIII, 7, Atco VII, 8 (Jn).

S. cephus Fab. Alpine VII, 12 (Engelhardt).

EXOPROSOPA Macq.

E. fascipennis Say. Palisades VII, 20 (Lv) ; Caldwell (Cr) ; Westville
VIII. 14-23 ( Jn) ; Lakewood VIII (Lansing) ; Pemberton IX, 1, Lucas
ton IX, 9 (Hk).

E. emarginata Macq. Lakewood VIII (Lansing); Manumuskin VI, 23,

VII, 5 (Dke).

E. fasciata Macq. Boonton VIII, 19 (GG) ; Caldwell (Cr) ; Riverton IX.
9, Malaga IX, 15 (Hk); Westville VIII, 23, IX, 10 (Jn) ; Lakewood
(Lansing); Manumuskin VIII, 26 (Dke).

ANTHRAX Scop.

A. lateralis Say. Del. Water Gap VII, 11. Jamesburg VII, 4, Westville

VIII, 23, Clementon V, 30, VIII, 9, Anglesea VIII, 15 (Jn) ; Trenton

VII, 9 (Hk).

var. gracilis Macq. Westville VI, 15 (Jn).
var. arenicola Johns. Riverton IV, 30, Clementon V, 16 (Jn).
A. alternata Say. Caldwell (Cr) ; Sandy Hook (Sm) ; Westville VI, 15..

VIII, 23 (Jn) ; Clementon IX, 5, Brown's Mills VII, 10 (Hk) ; Manu-
muskin VI, 24-VII, 5 (Dke).

A. hypomelas Macq. Chester (Dkn) ; Orange Mts. VII, 4, Shiloh IX, 1,
Westville IX, 10; Riverton IX, 2' (GG).

A. fulvohirta Wied. Caldwell (Cr) ; Riverton VII, 2, IX, 22 (div); West-
ville VIII, 28, Clementon VII, 26 (Jn); Malaga VIII, IX (div) ; DaCosta
VII, 20 (Dke).

746 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

A. tegminipennis Say. Sandy Hook VIII (Bt).

A. ceyx Loew. Clementon VIII, 6-IX, 7 (div) ; Lakewood (Lansing) ;

Atco VIII, IX, 8 (GG); Manumuskin VIII, 26-IX, 3 (Dke).
A. sinuosa Wied. Caldwell (Cr); Jamesburg VII, ' 4, Rlverton VI, VII,

DaCosta VII, 30, Buena Vista VI, 11 (Jn) ; Pemberton VII, 8, Brown's

Mills VII, 10 (Hk).
A. lepidota O. S. lona VI. 16 (Dke).

A. faunus Fab. Clementon X, 1 (Hk).

BOMBYLIUS Linn.

. B. major Linn. Palisades IV, 8 (Lv) ; Newark V, Westville IV, 9, Clem-
enton IV, 15 (Jn).

B. pygmaeus Fab. Caldwell (Cr); Orange Mts., Jamesburg V, 4 (Sm);

South Amboy V, 5 (Kp); Glassboro V, 19 (Hk) ; Manumuskin IV, 28
(Dke).

B. pulchellus Loew. South Amboy V, 5 (Kp) ; Jamesburg V, Westville V,
6 (Jn); Glassboro V, 19 (Hk) ; Hainesport V, 7 (Dke).

B. subvarius Johns, (lancifer Johns., not O. S.) Morris Plains VI, 25.

B. fulvibasis Macq. (atriceps Loew.) Clementon V, 10, 30 (Jn) ; Manu-
muskin V, 12 (Dke).

B. varius Fab. Trenton VII, 3 (Hk) ; Westville VI, 15. VII, 2, Riverton
VI, 17, VII, 3 (Jn); Buena Vista VI, 8 (Li); Clementon VI, 17 (GG).

B. incanus Johns, (philadelphicus Macq.) Clementon V, 30, VI, 25, Atco
VI, 18, Jamesburg VII, 4 (Jn); Albion VI, 1 (C); Brown's Mills Jo.

VI, 22, lona VL 2 (Dke).

B. fraudulentus Johns. Dover VI, 25, Morris Plains VI, 24, Orange Mts.

VII, 4, Jamesburg VII, 4 (Jn) ; lona VI, 2 (Dke).

B. mexicanus Wied. Clementon V, 30, Riverton VI, 9-16 (Jn) ; lona VI, 8,
Brown's Mills VII, 4 (Dke).

SYSTCECHUS Loew.

S. vulgaris Loew. Pemberton IX, 1 (Hk); DaCosta VII, 19, Clementon

VIII, 7-9 (Jn) ; Lakewood, Burlington Co. (Sm) ; lona VIII, 25, Wey-
mouth VIII, 16, Brown's Mills VII, 10 (Dke).

ONCODOCERA IVlacq.

O. leucoprocta Wied. Clementon V, 30, VI, 25, Atco VI, 18 (Jn); Toms
River (Edwards) ; Bamber VII, 13, Manumuskin VII, 5, lona VII, 13
(Dke).

PHTHIRIA Meig.

P. sulphurea Loew. Lakewood, Atco VI, 13, 18, Riverton IX, 11 (Jn) ;

Lucaston VIII, 11, Hammonton IX, 6 (Dke).
P. coquiiletti Johns. Jamesburg VII, 4, Riverton VII, 4-6.

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 74;

LEPIDOPHORA Westwood.

L. aegeriiformis Westw. Caldwell (Cr) ; DaCosta VII, 28, Brown's Mills
IX, 15 (Dke).

SPARNOPOLIUS Loew.

S. fulvus Wied. Chester (Dkn); Riverton IX. 11, Westville VIII, 28 (Jn) ;
Clementon IX, 5 (Hk) ; Atco IX, 11 (Nell); Belleplain IX. 8, Lucaston
IX, 12 (Dke).

ECLIMUS Loew.

E. niger Macq. Brown's Mills VI, 15, VI, 23 (Dke).

METACOSMUS Coq.
M. mancipennis Coq. Pemberton VII, 11 (CG).

SYSTROPUS Wied.

S. macer Loew. Caldwell (Cr); Lakewood (Lansing); Clementon VIII,
9 (Jn); Atco IX, 1 (Kp) ; Lucaston VII, 27 (GG) ; Anglesea IX, 8
(Dke).

GERON Meig.

G. senilis Fab. Jamesburg VII, 4, Atco VII, 12, Clementon VI, 25, VIII, 7

(.In); Hammonton IX, 6 (Dke).
G. subauratus Loew. Dunnfield VII, 8, Westville VI, 27 (Jn) ; DaCosta

VII, 19, Brown's Mills VI, 24-VII, 21 (Dke).
G. calva Loew. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII. 11-12.
G. capax Coq. Riverton IV. 30 (Jn) ; Manumuskin IV, 28 (Dke).

TOXOPHORA Melgen.

T. amphitea Walk. Lakehurst VII, 7 (Coll); Buena Vista VI, 11, Atco VI,
18, DaCosta VII. 30 (Jn) ; Hammonton VIII, 21 Bamber VII, 13, VIII,
11, Manumuskin VI, 23 (Dke).

Family THEREVID.^.

Called "stiletto flies" by Comstock, because of their slender, pointed
abdomen. They resemble the robber flies, but have longer legs and are
more slightly built. They are also predatory, but the lips are broad and
fleshy, and they are not nearly so active as the "Asilidse."

The larvae are long and slender, the segments constricted so that they
seem doubled in number, and they live in mold, fungi, rotten wood and
vegetable decay generally, feeding sometimes upon the material among
which they are found, sometimes upon such other insects as come in their
way.

They can scarcely be said to be beneficial, for the prey of the adult
does not usually consist of insects that are harmful to the farmer.

748 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

TABUDA Walker.

T. fulvipes Walk. Riverton IV, 17, 30, Westville IV, 16, Clementon IV, 15,
V, 5 (Jn); Lahaway IV, 20 (Sm); Manumuskin IV, 24-V, 5 (Dke).

PSILOCEPHALA Zett.

P. haemorrhoidalis Macq. Newark VI, 16, Jamesburg VII, 4, Westville,
VIII, 13, Shiloh IX, 1, Avalon VI, 9, Cape May VI, 14 (Jn) ; Pemberton
VII, 8, IX, 1 (Hk).

P. morata Coq. Avalon VI, 8, Cape May VI, 14.

P. aldrichii Coq. Jamesourg VII, 4, Riverton VI, 15, Weymouth VIII, 16
(Dke) ; Westville VII, 12, Stone Harbor VIII, 3.

P. rufiventris Loew. Clementon V, 30, Pleasantville VI, 13 (Lt) ; West-
ville VII, 2, Atlantic City VIII, Avalon VI, 9, Anglesea VII, 16.

P. scute Maris Loevir. Dunnfield VII, 8, 12, Jamesburg VII, 4.

P. pictipennis Wied. Jamesburg VII, 4 (div) ; Riverton VII, 3, Atco VI,
18, VII, 9 (Jn); Pemberton VII, 8, Clementon V, 30 (Hk).

THEREVA Latr.

T. senex Wlk. Dunnfield VII, 15 (Jn) ; Boonton VIII, 23 (GG) ; Caldwell

(Cr); Trenton VIII, 11 (Hk).
T. albifrons Say. Riverton V, 14, Clementon V, 6.
T. sp. Toms River V, 30 (Dke).

Family SCENOPINID^.

The "window-flies": small, slight, blue flies, somewhat flattened, and
with yellow or red legs. The larvae are slender and worm-like often found
under carpets, where they
feed on "moths" and other
carpet pests.

SCENOPINUS Latr.

S. fenestralis Linn. Caldwell

(Cr) ; New Brunswick

(Sm) ; Riverton, Atco

VII, 21 (Jn); Glassboro

VII, 5 (CG); DaCosta

VII, 20 (Dke); Ashland

V, VI (Hk).
S. glabrifrons Meig. New

Jersey (Jn).

Fig. 308.

-The window fly, Sccnopinus fenestralis:
enlarged.

^A t^// >r. /^^

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 749

Family MYDAIDyE.

The "Midas flies," resemble the "Asilidje" in form and are, like them,
predatory. They are much larger, however, with contrasting black and
orange colors, the antennee being long and clubbed at tip. They are
practically unimportant.

MYDAS Fab.
M. clavatus Drury. Ft. Lee (Bt) ; Caldwell (Cr); Riverton VII, 3, Da-

CosEa VII, 30, Anglesea VII, 19 (Jn); Brown's Mills VII, 10 (Hk) ;
Manumuskin VI, 22 (Dke).
M. chrysostoma O. S. ($ fulvifrons Illiger) Stone Harbor VII, 3 (Dke);
Avalon VII, 29, Anglesea VII, 19 (Jn).

Famih' ASILID^.

Head prominent, very hairy, with short, several-jointed antennse and
a short, stout i)roboscis formed for piercing. The body is robust, hairy,
the abdomen long, slender, cylindrical, tapering very gradually to the
tip. The wings are long and narrow, the legs moderately long and very
powerful, densely clothed with spines, while the tips of the tarsi are
supplied with imusually long, stout claws. The insects are called "rob-
ber-flies" from their habit of pouncing upon, piercing and sucking the
juices of other insects in mid-air while holding them in the grasp of their
powerful legs. Some of the species are brightly colored, but most of
them are of a sober gray with blackish mottlings. These robber-flies,
though predatory, can scarcely be considered of much real value to the
farmer, because they take anything that comes along, useful or other-
wise, and are just as ready to destroy bees as some harmful species.

The lai'vse are also carnivorous so far as known, and live in the ground
or in decaying wood.

LEPTOGASTER Meigen.
L. badius Loew. Dunnfield VII, 8, Jamesburg VII, 4, Riverton VII, 30.
L. flavipes Loew. Dunnfield VH, 15, Newark VI, 16 (Jn) ; Trenton VII,

7 (Hk).
L. testaceus Loew. Caldwell (Cr) ; Westville (Jn).
L. incisularis Loew. Delair VIII, 7 (Dke), Riverton VII, 30, Atco.
L. annulatus Say. (histrio Wied.) Princeton VII, 21 (Jn) ; Trenton

VII, 7 (Hk).
L. pictipes Loew. Dunnfield VII, 12, Clementon V, 30, Atco VI, 18 (Jn) ;

Belleplain IX, 8 (Dke).
L. eudicranus Loew. Pemberton VII, 11 (Hk).
L. favillaceus Loew. Newark IV, 14.

750 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

L. varipes Loew. Pemberton VII, 11 (Hk); Clementon VIII, 30 (Hk) ;
DaCosta VII, 4, Baniber VII, 13 (Dke).
/ L. carolinensis Schimer (virgatus Coq.) Trenton VII, 7 (Hk).

LAPHYSTIA Loew.
/ L. sexfasciata Say. Avalon VII, 29, VIII 2 (Jn) ; Stone Harbor VII, 5,
Cape May VII, 1-5 (Dke).

CERATURGUS Wied.

C. aurulentus Fab. Chester (Coll); Trenton VII, 7 (Hk) ; Westville
VIII, 21 (Jn).

C. cruciatus Say. Dunnfield VII, 8 (Jn) ; Caldwell (Cr) ; Dover VII, 16
■^ (Coll) ; Great Notch VII, 10 (Dke) ; Trenton VII, 11.

DIOCTRIA Meigen.

D. albius Walk. Dunnfield VII, 14, Newark.

CYRTOPOGON Loew.

C. chrysopogon Loew. Clementon V, 16.

0. marginalis Loew. Clementon V, 10 (CG) ; Manumiiskin V, 10 (Dke).

LASIOPOGON Loew. (DAULOPOGON Loew.)
L. opaculus Loew. New Jersey (A E S) ; Riverton V, 3, Clementon V, 6

(CG).
L. terricola Johns. Riverton V, 29, Clementon V, 9, Wenonah V, 14 (Jn);

Halnesport V, 7 (Dke).
L. tetragrammus Loew. Clementon V, 9. Albion V, 16 (Dke).

HOLCOCEPHALA Jaenn.
H. abdominalis Say. Dunnfield VII, 9, Princeton VII, 21 (Jn) ; Trenton
VII, n (Hk); Cumberland Co. IX, 1 (Sm).
/ H. calva Loew. Princeton VII, 21 (Jn) ; Trenton VIII, 11 (Hk) ; Cumber-
land Co. IX, 1 (Sm).

HOLOPOGON Loew.
H. guttuia Wied. Dunnfield VII, 9, Newark VI, 14, Jamesburg VII, 4

■ (Jn); Clementon V, 30, VI, 25 (div) ; Brown's Mills VII, 10 (CG) ;

Manumuskin VI, 23 (Dke).

STICHOPOGON Loew.

S. argenteus Say. High Point VIII, .5 (Hk); Sandv Hook VIII, Anglesea
VII, 22, Avalon VII, 29, VIII, 2 (Jn).

S. trifasciatus Say. Caldwell (Cr) ; Sandy Hook, Jamesburg VII, 4, West-
ville VII, 12, Cumberland Co. IX (Jn); Lahaway IX, 26 (Sm); Pem-
berton IX, 1, Clementon VIH, 15, 5-mile beach VIII, 5 (Hk).

DEROMYIA Philippi.

D. discolor Loew. Caldwell (Cr); Merchantville VII, 19 (Kp); Glassboro
■ VIII (CG).

■r-i^-f'"

r.^ri^yy^J^- }(/

I

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. • 751

D. umbrina Loew. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 14.

D. winthemi Wied. Morristown VII, 18, Lakewood, Atco VII, 12 (Jn);

Atlantic Highlands VII, 11 (Lv) ; Glassboro VIII, 1 (CG); Lucaston
IX, 9, Malaga IX, 15 (Hk).

TARACTICUS Loew.

7. octopunctatus Say. Dunnfield VII, 11 (Jn): Trenton VII, 5 (Hk);
Clementon VI, 25 (CG); Buena Vista VII, 10 (Li).

NICOCLES Jaenn.
N. pictus Loew. Clementon IV, 15.

N. politus Say. Riverton IX, 11, Anglesea IX, 4 (Jn); Clementon IX, 5,
X, 4 (Hk); Manumuskin IX, X (Dke).

CEROTAINIA Schiner.

C. macrocera Say. Newark VII, 14, Princeton VII. 21 (Jn) ; Trenton VII,

8 (Hk); Newbold VII, 14 (Dke).

ATOMOSIA Macq.

A . pue lla Wied. Caldwell (Cr) ; Trenton VII, 5 (Hk); Merchantville VI,
■ 29, VII, 19 (Jn).

A. sayii Johns. New Brunswick VIII, 21 (Sm); Laurel Springs VII, 12.
A. glabrata Say. Springfield VIII, 23 (Jn) ; Trenton VII, 5 (Hk).

POGONOSOMA Rondani.
P. melanoptera Wied. Atlantic Co. XI, 24 (Sm); Malaga VIII. 4 (CG).

DASYLECHIA Will. (HYPERECHIA Schiner.)

D. atrox Will. New Brunswick VIII, 28 ( Sm).

LAMPRIA Macq.
L. bicolor Wied. Dunnfield VII, 15 (Jn) ; Caldwell (Cr).

DASYLLIS Loew.

D. fiav i.colLis Say. Dunnfield VII, 12, Morris Plains VI, 17, 25, Newark
VI, 4, Jamesburg VII, 4, Atco VI, 18 (Jn); Brown's Mills VI, 22 (Dke).

D. posticata Say. Dunnfield VII, 11, Jamesburg VII, 4, Westville V, 17,
Atco Vl, 4 (Jn); Laurel Springs V, 23, bred from decaying pine stump,
Manumuskin VI, 24 (Dke).

D. thoracica Fab. Dunnfield VII, 11, Morris Plains VI, 25, Newark VI, 14,

Atco VI, 4 (Jn); Trenton VII, 3 (Hk); Westville VI. 6 (CG) ; Pros-
pertown VI, 7 (Sm).
D. grossa Fab. Dunnfield VII, 11 (Jn) ; Caldwell (Cr) ; Jamesburg VII,
XTColl); Lakewood (Lansing); Glassboro (CG); Brown's Mills VII,
10 (Hk).

752 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

D. melanopogon Wied. (affinis Macq.) Riverton X, 20 (Jn) ; Malaga IX,
15 (CG) ; Hammonton IX, 6, Brown's Mills IX, 16, Manumuskin X, 21
(Dke).

D. analis Macq. (lata Macq.) Atco VI, 18 (Jn).

/

LAPHRIA Meig.

L. canis Will. Ft. Lee VI (Lv) ; Dover VI, 18, Newark VI, 12, Merchant-
ville VI, 25, Clementon V, 30 (Jn) ; Trenton VII, 11 (Hk) ; Delair VIII,
14 (Dke).

L. sericea Will. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 8-15.
L. aeratus Wlk. New Jersey (Jn).

OMMATIUS llliger.

O. marginellus Fab. (tibialis Say.) Dunnfield VII, 15, Morris Plains VI,

ETT'Westville VII, 5, Shiloh IX, 1, Avalon VII, 23 (Jn) ; Trenton VII,

11 (Hk); DaCosta VII, 28 (Dke).

PROCTACANTHUS Macq.

P. phi ladelphicus Macq. Caldwell (Or); Laliaway IX, 26 (Sm) ; Riverton

Vli, 31, VIII, 21, Westville VIII, 28, IX, 13 (Jn); Clementon VIII, 15,

Malaga IX, 15 (Hk) ; Manumskin VI, 22 (Dke).
P. brevipennis Wied. Clementon VI, 6, VII, 4 (div) ; Laliaway VIII, 3

(Sm); Atco VII, 12, Anglesea VI, 25, VII, 12 (Jn) ; Manumuskin VI,

22 (Dke).
P. rufus Will. Dunnfield VII, 12, Jamesburg VII, 4, Merchantville VI, 26,

Anglesea VII, 19 (Jn) ; Clementon VII, 9 (Hk) ; DaCosta VII, 28

(Dke); Avalon VII, 5 (CG).

ERAX Macq.

E. aestuans Linn. (bastardi Macq.) Dunnfield

VII, 14, Orange Mt. VII, 4, Jamesburg VII, 4,

Riverton V, 29 (Jn) ; Trenton VII, 11 (Hk) ;

DaCosta VII, 28 (Dke).
E. albibarbis Macq. (cinerascens Bell.) James-
burg VII, 4, Westville VIII, 16, Anglesea VII,

9, VIII, 24 (Jn); Pemberton VII, 8 (Hk) ;

Atco VI, 21 (CG) ; DaCosta VII, 16, lona VI, 2

(Dke).
E. rufibarbis Macq. (aestuans Auct.) Chester
^' (Dn); Malaga IX, 15; Shiloh IX, 1 (Jn) ;

Glassboro, Avalon VIII, 29 (CG) ; DaCosta VII,

28 (Dke).

MALLOPHORA Macq.

M. clausicella Macq. Pemberton IX, 1 (Hk) ; Atco VII, 9, DaCosta VII,
"30 (Jn); Clementon VII, 26 (CG); Avon IX, 14, Lucaston IX, 2 (Dke).

Fig

309. — Erax astuans
and its pupa.

A^/Z^^^i^'^^'ry A 6^

"^^.^.Ui^^i-rfi^ (^^v _ //ItM' "^Z, rtr/U^^/m^^^

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY.

753

PROMACHUS Loew.
^ P. bastardi Macq. New Jersey (A E S).

ASILUS Linne.

Fig. 310.

Fig. 311

Fig. 31;

Fig. 310. — Silky robber fly, Asiliis scriccus.

Fig. 311. — Asilid larva.

Fig. 312. — Missouri bee-killer: Asiliis )nissoiiriciisis.

A. sericeus Sa.v. Ft. Lee VII, 4 (Dke) ; Caldwell (Cr) ; Orange Mts. VII,

4, Merchantville VI, 26, Atco VI, 19 (Jn) ; Trenton VII, 3 (Hk).
A. cacopilogus Hine. Atlantic City VII, 15 (Jn); Anglesea (Hk).
A. fuscatus Hine. Newark VI, VA, Jamesburg VII, 4 (Hk); Riverton VI,

VII (div).

A. lecythL-s Walk. Dov. r VI, 18, Morris Plains VI, 25, Newark VI, 14.
A. orp hre Walk, (distinctus Will.) Del. Water Gap VII, 8, Dover VI.

17 (Jn); Eoonton VI, 8 (GG).
A. flavofeir.oratus Hine. (flavipes Will.) Dover VI. 18, Newark VI, 14,

Jamesburg VII, 4, Riverton V, 30 (Jn); Trenton V, 25 (Hk).
A. atiricomus Hine. lona (Dke); Malaga IX, 15 (CG).
A. notatiis Wied. Del. Water Gap VII, 15, Newark VI, 14, Clementon V,

30, Anglesea VI. 14 (Jn); Ft. Lee VII, 4 (Dke).
A. novae-scotiae Macq, Del. Water Gap A'll, 14, Orange Mts., Riverton

VII, SI, Anglesea IX, 3 (Jn); Manumuskin IX, 15 (Dke).
A. paropu? Wall^. Merchantville VI, 28.
A. sadyates Walk Atco VIII, 9.
A. snowii Hine. (annulatus Will.) New Jersey (Hine); Trenton V, 25

(Hk).
A. erythrocnemius Hine. New Jersey (Hine).
A. maneei Hine. Malaga VIII. 4 (CG).

The subgeneric terms for the species of this genus have been omitted,
for convecience.

48 IN

754 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MU.SEUM.
Family DOLICHOPODID^.

Small, usually shining green, sometimes black or yellow flies, with
short antennae, plump body and comparatively long legs, which are often
contrasting yellow or brown. The tarsi or feet are unusually long, whence
they are called "long-footed flies," and in the male the anterior pair are
often flattened or otherwise modified. In the same sex the abdomen is
frequently furnished with curiously complex claspers, which are bent
down beneath the body. In the female there is usually a pointed, flat
ovipositor. They are predatory in habit, feeding chiefly upon smaller
flies. The larvae are long, slender, cylindrical and feed on decaying
vegetation.

PSILOPOOINUS Bigot. (PSILOPUS Meigen.)

P, inermis Loew. Sharif. River VII, 12, Buena Vista VI, 11, Atlantic City

VIII. 11, Avalon VI, 30.
P. caudatus Wied. Great Notch IX, 8 (GG); Merchantville VI, 28, Cape

May VI, 14.
P. scobinator Loew. Westville V, 5, Atco VII, 9, Clementon VIII, 6.
P. scaber Loew. Caldwell (Cr) ; Shark River VII, 12.
P. patibulatus Say. Passaic VI, 8 (Coll); Jamesburg VII, 4, Westville

Vn, 26, Anglesea VII, 19.
P. sipho Say. Caldwell (Cr) ; Merchantville VI, 28, Mullica Hill V, 30
(Jn); Glassboro VII, 20 (CG).

AGONOSOMA Guerin. (GRAMPTOPSILOPUS Aldrich.)

A. unifasciatum Say. (bicolor Loew.) Common, Dunnfield VII, 11,

Jamesburg VII, 4, Riverton VII, 3, Clementon VIII, 8, Atco VII, 9.
A. tener Loew. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 15.
A. scintillans Loew. Princeton VII, 21, Avalon VI, 30, VII, 29.
A. psittacinum Loew. Avalon VI, 3iJ (Jn) ; Anglesea VII, 4 (Lv).
A. variegatus Loew. Avalon VI, 30, Cape May VI, 22.
A. pal lens Wied. New Jersey (Bt).

MESORHAGA Schiner. (APTORTHUS Aldrich.)
M. albiciliata Aldr. Types at Westville VII, 5, 20, 1891.
M. townsendii Aldr. Atlantic City VIII, 11.

DIAPHORUS Meig.
D. mundus Loew. Avalon VII, 22, 29.
P. soda! is Loew. Westville VI, 6.

D. leucostomus Loew. Shark River VII, 12, Riverton IX, 11 (Jn) ; Angle-
sea V, 28.
D. opacus Loew. Jamesburg VII, 4, Buena Vista VI, 11.

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 755

ASYNDETUS Loew.
A. ammophilus Loew. Riverton VII, 30, Westville VIII, 19 (Jn); Egg
Harbor VII, 10 (Coll).

A. syntormoides Wheeler. Type taken at Avalon VIII, 22, '94 (Jn) ; Vine-
land VII, 29 (Coll).

CHRYSOTUS Meigen.
C. barbatus Loew. Trenton VIII, 21 (Hk).
C. obliquus Loew. Jamesburg, Ocean Co. V, Vineland VII, 2, Anglesea

V, 28 (Coll).

CAMPICNEMUS Halid.
C. hirtipes Loew. Maaahawkin IX, 5 (Hk).

ARGYRA Macq.
A. calcitrans Loew. Westville VI, 6, Clemneton V, 30, VI, 3.
A. minuta Loew. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 15.
A. aldrichi Johns. Long Branch VI, 11.
A. albicans Loew. Princeton VII, 21 (Jn) ; Riverton VI, 15 (Dke).

LEUCOSTOLA Loew.
L. cingulata Loew. Dunnfield VII, 15, Shark River VII, 12, Woodbury

VI, 7.

PORPHYROPS Meig.
P. fumipennis Loew. Woodbury V, 14.
P. melampus Loew. Wtstville V, 19, Lenola V, 30.
P. nigricoxa Loew. Lenola V, 30.

NEMATOPROTUS Loew.
N. venustus Melander. Westville VI, G.

SYMPYCNUS Loew.
S. lineatus Loew. Princeton VII, 21, Avalon VI, 30.
S. sp. nov. Riverton V, 20.

NOTHOSYMPYCNUS Wheeler.
N. fortunatus Wheeler. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 11, 13.
N. n. sp. Riverton X, 9.

NEURIGONA Rond.

N. carbonifer Loew. (floridula Wheeler.) Type taken at Dover VI, 23,

'92, Dunnfield VII, 15, Riverton VI, 20.
N. lateralis Say. (Saucropus superblens Loew.) Riverton VII, 3, IX, 11

(Jn); Lucaston V, 30 (CG).
N. rubella Loew. (Saucropus) "New Jersey" (Bt); Orange Mts.

756 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

THINOPHILUS Wahlb.
T. neglectus Wheeler. Cape May VI, 6.

MEDETERUS Fischer.
M. princeps Wheeler. Types collected at Farniingdale VII, 14, '97.
M. nigripes Loew. "New Jersey" (A E S).
M. aberrans Wheeler. Avalon VII, 22 (Wheeler).

HYDROPHORUS Fallen.
H. pirata Loew. New Jersey (Bt).
H. glaber Walk. Manahawkin IX, 5 (Hk).
H. virldlflos Walk. Atlantic City V, 6.
H. aestuum Loew. Avalon VIII, 8 (Hk).

LIANCALUS Loew.
L. genual is Loew. "New Jersey" (Bt).

DOLICHOPUS Latr.

D. Johnson i Aldr. Type taken at Jamesburg VII, 4, 1891.

D. gratus Loew. Palisades (O S) ; Dunnfield VII, 8.

D. calcaratus Aldr. Type at Dover VI, 18, '92, Dunnfield VII, 8.

D. setifer Loew. Passaic VI, 8 (Coll) ; Riverton IX, 9, Westville V, 19,

Clementon V, 16.
D. acuminatus Loew. Westville V, 19, Clementon V, 30.
D. albicoxa Aldr. Clementon V, 30, Anglesea V, 28 (Jn); Burlington and

Ocean Cos. V (Sm).
D. palasstricus Loew. Dover VI, 18.
D. scapuiaris Loew. lona IX, 12 (CG).
D. tonsus Loew. Clementon V, 30.

D. variabilis Loew. Dunnfield VII, 14, Westville VIII, 14.
D. cuprinus Wied. Dover VI, IG, Jamesburg VII, 4, Merchantville VI, 28.
D. virga Coq. Manahawkin IX, 5 (Hk).

D. longipennis Loew. Dunnfield VII, 11, Merchantville VI, 28.
D. ramifer Loew. Monmouth Co. VII, 31, Avalon VII, 22.
D. pugil Loew. (henshawi Wheeler.) Cape May VI, 23 (Vk).
D. cornutus Loew. Newark VI, 16, Riverton IX, 11, Westville V, 19, VII,

5, Avalon VII, 22, Anglesea V, 25.
D. lobatus Loew. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 15.
D. scoparius Loew. Dover VI, 23.
D. quadrilamellatus Loew. Palisades VI (O S).
D. funditor Loew. Merchantville VI, 28.
D. incisuralis Loew. Merchantville VI, 28.

THE IXSF.CTS OF NEW JERSEY. 757

D. albiciiiatus Loew. Dover VI, 23.

D. bifractus Loew. Jamesburg VII, 4, Ocean Co. (Sm); Westville VIII, 18.

D. eudactylus Loew. Riverton VII, 3, Woodbury VI, 7.

D. vittatus Loew. Princeton VII, 21.

D. batillifer Loew. New Jersey (Bt).

D. reflectus Aid. Lenola V, 30, Jamesburg VII, 4 (Jn).

D. comatus Loew. Trenton VI, 1 (Coll); Jamesburg, Anglesea V, 28.

D. myosota O. S. Trenton VIII. 21 (Hk).

GYMNOPTERNUS Loew.
G. flavus Loew. Dunnfleld VII, 8, Dover VII, 16, Westville VII, 21.
G. spectabilis Loew. Westville V, 19, Clementon V, 30.
G. scotias Loew. Shark River VII, 12.
G. ventral is Loew. Shark River VII, 12.
G. debilis Loew. Jamesburg VII, 4, Merchantville VI, 28.
G. barbatulus Loew. Westville VI, 18.
G. exilis Loew. Merchantville VI, 28, Avalon VI, 30.
G. lunifer Loew. Ocean Co. V (Sm).
G. albiceps Loew. Manahawkin IX, 5 (Hk).
G. subdilatatus Loew. Delaware Water Gap VII, 8.
G. humilis Loew. Boonton VI, 2 (CG); Ocean Co. (Sm).

HERCOSTOMUS Loew.
H. vetitus IMelander. Clementon V, 30.

TACHYTRECHUS Stannius.
T. vorax Loew. Westville VIII, IS (Jn): Clementon V, 10 (CG).
T. protervus Melander. Clementon V, 10.

T. binodatus Loew. Durham Pond, Morris Co. VIII, 18 (GG).
T. junctus Coq. Manahawkin IX, 5 (Hk).

PELASTONEURUS Loew.
P. vagans Loew. Princeton VII, 21, Clementon V, 30.
P. lugubris Loew. Cape May VI, 22.

P. lamellatus Loew. Jersey City IX, IS, Brigantine VIII, 3.
P. iaetus Loew. Trenton VIII, 21 (Hk).

Family E^IPID.^.

The "dance-flies," so called because of their habit of congregating in
swarms under trees or near shrubs and about brooks, dancing up and
down. The mouth parts are often prolonged into a beak, and they are

758 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

predatory in habit. The larvae are predatory, and live under leaves and
other decaying vegetable matter, where their prev occurs.

PLATYPALPUS Macq.
P. aequalis Loew. Dunnfield VII, 14, Merchantville VI, 28, Clementon VI,

16 (Jn); Trenton V, 20 (Hk).
P. mesogramma Loew. Dunnfield VII, 8, 15, Merchantville VI, 28. West-

ville VII, 21.
P. trivialis Loew. Trenton V, 13 (Hk).
P. pachycnema Loew. Westville VI, 6, Clementon V, 9, 16.
P. lateralis Loew. Trenton VII, 25.

TACHYDROMIA Meig.
T. fenestrata Say. Boonton IX, 5, Clementon V, 2 (GG).
T. pusilla Loew. Riverton V, 1, Clementon V, 9.
T. brachialis Melander. Boonton IX, 9 (CG).

HEMERODROMIA Meig.
H. empiformis Say. Dunnfield VII, 11 (Jn) ; Trenton V, 20 (Hk).
H. defecta Loew. Avalon VI, 9.
H. capta Coq. Boonton IX, 5-9 (CG).
H. scapularis Loew. Clementon V, 16, 30.

LITANOMYIA Melander.
L. elongata Melander. Avalon VI, 9.

I
CHIROMANTIS Rond.

C. vocatoria Fall. Delaware Water Gap VII, 12.

SYNECHES Walk.

S. thoracicus Say. Ft. Lee VII, 4 (Dke) ; Jamesburg VII, 4, Merchant-
ville VI, 28, Atco VII, 12.

S. simplex Walk. Westville VII, 2, Atco VI, 18, Avalon VII, 22 (Jn) ;
Clementon VI, VIII (div); 5-miIe beach (Hk).

S. rufus Loew. Ft. Les VII, 4 (Dke); Atco VII, 9, Avalon VI, 30 (Jn) ;
Buena Vista VII, 10 (Li).

S. hyalinus Coq. Westville VII, 21, Avalon VII, 22 (Jn) ; Malaga VIII, 4
(GG); Bamber VII, 13 (Dke).

S. pusillus Loew. Jamesburg VII, 4 (Jn); Trenton VII, 7, Riverton VI,
27 (Hk).

SYNDYAS Loew.
S. polita Loew. Riverton VII, 18 (CG); Manahawkin IX, 5 (Hk); Buena

Vista VL 11, Brown's Mills VI, 25 (Dke).
S. dorsalis Loew. Lucaston IX, 3 (Dke).

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 759

HYBOS Meig. (EUHYBUS Coq.)

H. triplex Walk. Chester IX, 9 (Coll); Westville V, 30, Clementon V,
22, Rhillica Hill, Atlantic City V, 15, Anglesea V, 28 (Jn) ; Ashland
VII, 15 (Hk).

H. subjectus Walk. Jamesbiirg VII, 4, Riverton IX, 9, Clementon V, 30,
Atco VII, 12, Avalon VII, 22.

H. slossonae Coq. Del. Water Gap VII, 14, Riverton VIII, 11, Atco VI, 12.

H. re versus Walk. Del. Water Gap VII, 12, Jamesburg VII, 4.

OEDALEA Meig.
O. ohiensis Melander. (stigmatella?) Xi'wark VI, 13.

LEPTOPEZA Macq.
L. flavipes Meig. Dover VI, 18.

L. compta Coq. Riverton VI, 20 (Jn) ; National Park V, 6, Newbold VI,
30 (Dke).

PACHYMERIA Stephens.
P. pudica I.oew. Great Notch V, 4 (Dke).

EMPIS Linn.

E. spectabilis Loew. Caldwell (Cr) ; Riverton V, 1, Wenonah V, 14,

Clementon IV, 15.
E. longipes Loew. "New Jersey" (OS).

E. loripedis Coq. Palisades V, 24 (Lv) ; Clementon V, 9 (Jn).
E. tridentata Coq. Woodbury VI, 7.
E. humilis Coq. Great Notch V, 4 (Dke).

HILARA Meigen.

H. testacea Loew. Clementon V, 9.

H. lutea Loew. Clementon V, 10, 30.

H. ieucoptera Loew. Avalon VI, 9.

H. macroptera Loew. Riverton VI, 20 (Hk).

H. mutabilis Loew. Clementon V, 10, Avalon VI, 9.

H. femorata Loew. Pemberton V, 10 (Hk) ; Avalon VI, 8.

H. tristis Loew. Dover VII, 17.

H. umbrosa Loew. Clementon VI, 2.

H. gracilis Loew. Dunnfield VII, 12 (Jn) ; Brown's Mills VL 22 (Dke).

H. seriata Loew. Clementon V, 26.

H. trivittata Loew. Ashland V, 13 (Hk).

GLOMA Meigen.
G. n. sp. Clementon V, 30.

y6o REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

RHAMPHOMYIA Meigen.
R. longicauda Loew. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 12.
R. tersa Coq. Prospertown VI, 1 (Sm).
R. priapulus Loew. Clementon V, 9.
R. gracilis Loew. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 11.
R. glabra Loew. Cald.vell (Cr) ; Newark VI. 16 (Jn) ; Trenton VII, 7

(Hk).
R. compta Coq. Clementon VI, 16.
R. basalis Loew. Clementon V, 9.
R. nana Loew. Del. Water Gap VII, 10, Clementon V, 10 (Jn) ; Riverton

IV. 26 (CG).
R. pulla Loew. Clementon V, 30 (Jn) ; Atco VI, 3 (Li); Wenonah V, 30,

Merchantville V, 26 (Dke).
R. angustipennis Loew. Trenton V, 20 (Hk); Clementon V, 9, 30 ( Jn) ;

Brown's Mills V, 21 (Dke).
R. vittata Loew. Clementon V, 30.
R. luteiventris Loew. Morris Plains VI, 24, Clementon VI, 3 (Jn) ;

Brown's Mills V, 21 (Dke).
R. minutus Walk. Dover VI, 17.
R. limbata Loew. Clementon V, 9, 10.

R. candicans Loew. Morris Plains VI, 24, Clementon V, 30, Avalon VI, 9.
R. manca Coq. Riverton VI, 19, VII, 3, Clementon V, 9 (Jn) ; Brown's

Mills V, 13 (Dke); Glassboro V, 19 (Hk).
R. pulchra Loew. Westville VI, 6 (Jn) ; i^ahaway VII, 12 (Sm).
R. pusio Loew. Riverton V, 1 (Jn) ; Brown's Mills V, 12 (Dke).
R. pollta Loew. Culver's Lake V, 29 (Coll); Riverton V, 29.
R. vara Loew. Newark V (Sm).

R. ieucoptera Loew. Riverton IV, 11, 30 (Jn) ; Lucaston IV, 10 (Dke).
R. scolopacea Say. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 15.
R. clauda Coq. Clementon V, 10.
R. diversa Coq. Clementon V, 9, 10.

R. macilenta Loew. Dunnfield VII, 11 (Jn); Lahaway VII, 5 (Sm).
R. irregularis Loew. Riverton IV, 20 (Jn); lona IV, 21 (Dke).
R. mutabilis Loew. New Brunswick VI, 7 (Sm); Clementon V, 10, We-
nonah V, 14.
R. sordida Loew. Clementon V, 10.
R. umbrosa Loew. Boonton VI, 6 (CG).
R. brevis Loew. lona IV, 20 (Dke).
R. amplipedis Coq. Brown's Mills V, 12 (Dke).
R. aperta Loew. lona IV, 21 (Dke).
R. otiosa Coq. Fort Lee VII, 4 (Dke).
R. exigua Loew. lona V, 16 (Hk).
R. rustica Loew. Riverton VI, 13 (Hk).

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 761

Family LONCHOPTERID.E.

The "spear-winged" flies, characterized by the pointed wings that in-
duced the common name. They occur near water courses, and little is
known of them or their habits. Only two species have been collected in
New Jersey.

LONCHOPTERA Meig.

L. lutea Panz. New Brunswick VII, 20 (Sm) ; Westville VII, 4, Anglesea

VII, 19 (Jn).
L. riparia Meig. Ocean Co. V (Sm); Manumuskin X, 20 (Dke).

Family PHORID.^.

Small, hunch-back flies, with large, broad wings, often observed run-
ning about on fallen leaves, windows, etc. The larvae are cylindrical,
thinner in front than behind, and live in dead snails, insects, decaying
fungi, vegetables, etc., and possibly in living insects.

HYPOCERA Lioy.
H. Johnson i Brues. Riverton VIII, 111.

H. clavata Loew. National Park V, 6 (Dke); Clementon X, 3 (CG); Pem-
berton V, 10 (Hk).

APHIOCH/ETA Brues (PHORA).

A. rufipes Meig. Del. Water Gap VII. 12. Riverton V, 23 (Jn) ; Stelton

VI. 21 (Coll).
A. fasciata Fall. Delaware Water Gap VII, 8.
A. picta Schiner. (interrupta Zett). Del. Water Gap VII, 8, 12.
A. nigriceps Loew. Del. Water Gap VII. 12, Shark River VII, 12 (Jn) ;

Ocean Co. V (Sm).
A. albidihalteris Felt. Types bred from mushrooms. New Brunswick

(Sm).
A. fungicola Coq. Del. Water Gap VII, 12, Clementon V, 9.
A. agaric! Lint. Fort Lee (Lv).
A. scalaris Loew. Del. Water Gap VII, 12 (Jn) ; New Brunswick VIII, 7

(Coll); Lucaston IX, 28 (Dke).
A. epeirae Brues. Dunnfield VII, 18, Avalon VI, 9.
A. flava Fallen. "New Jersey."
A. atlantica Brues. Atco.
A. minuta Aldr. Boonton I, 15 (GG).
A. microcephala Loew. Trenton IV, 19 (Hk).

762 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

TRINEURA Meig.

T. aterrima Fab. Del. Water Gap VII, 8, Riverton V, 14, Clementon V, 9

CONICERA Meig.
C. atra Meig. Dunnfield VII, S, Newark VI, 14.

GYMNOPHORA Macq.
G. arcuata Meig. New Jerse'y.

Family PLATYPEZIDyE.

Termed "flat-footed" flies because in the males the posterior tarsi are
broad and much flattened. They are smaller than, but resemble a house-
fly, and occur in swarms near water courses, though locally. The larvae
live in mushrooms, and are not of economic importance.

AGATHOMYIA Verrall.

A. notata Loew. (Callomyia tenera Loew.) Riverton VII, 23, Westville
VII, 2, 21 (Jn); "New Jersey" IV (A E S).

PLATYPEZA Meigen.
P. velutina Loew. Dunnfield VII, 11, Riverton VII, 30.
P. anthrax Loew. National Park VI, 3 (Dke).
P. taeniata Snow. Clementon IX, 9, X 3 (CG).

1 amily PIPUNCULID^.

The "big-eyed" flies of Comstock, so called because of their relatively
enormous head, which is made up almost entirely of eyes. The species
are rare, and little is known of the larvae, save that they are parasitic on
bugs.

CHALARUS Wlk.

C. spurius Fall. Del. Water Gap VII, 12 (Jn) ; Bamber VII, 13 (Dke).

NEPHROCERUS Zett.
N. daeckei Johns. Forest Hill (Wdt).

PIPUNCULUS Latr.

P. nibofasciatus Hough. Westville VII, 2.
P. similis Hough. Westville VIII, 13.

P. atlanticus Hough. Newark VI, 14, Riverton VI, 18, Clementon V, 17
(Jn); Brown's Mills VII, 4 (Dke).

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 763

p. subvirescens Loew. Riverton VI, VII (Jn); Delair VIII, 14 (Dke).

P. nigripes Loew. Newark IX (Wdt) ; Clementon X, 4 (Hk) ; Buena Vista

VI, 10 (Jn).

P. nitidiventris Loew. Trenton V, 20 (Hk) ; Riverton IX, 14 (Jn).

P. subopacus Loew. Newark VII (Wdt); Riverton VI, 1, VII, 19 (Jn),

Clementon V, 30 (Hk).
P. pallipes Johns. Trenton VIII, 21 (Hk) ; Wildwood VIII, 27.
P. fuscus Loew. Trenton VII, 7, Wenonah VI, 23 (Hk).
P. cingulata Loew. Forest Hill (Wdt).
P. houghi Kertez. Trenton V, 24 (Hk) ; Brown's Mills, V, 13.

Family SVRPHIIX^.

These are "flower-flies." usually brightly colored and banded with yel-
low on a black, bronze or blue ground. They have very short, aristate
or stylate three-jointed feelers, barrel-shaped bodies, and somwhat flat-
tened abdomen, varying from slender to broadly oval. Sometimes they
are almost bare and resemble wasps in appearance and habits; at others
they are hairy and resemble bees, even in the droning or buzzing noise
that they make. The mouth parts are formed for scraping and lapping
only, and they feed upon honey or pollen.

In larval habits they vary greatly. Some are predatory and feed upon
plant lice; these are usually wrinkled, pointed anteriorly, and live among
their prey upon leaves of plants. Others feed in
plant tissue, being more or less maggot or grub-
like; and yet others are scavengers, the larvae
feeding in the foulest excrementitious matter;
these are usually furnished with a long breathing p- 313 _a "rat-tailed"
tube from the anal end, and are known as rat- larva.

tailed larvae. Some few species seem to feed

upon pollen, and at least one form occurs between the leaf and stalk
of corn, feeding upon the juices. Yet on the whole the species, are
beneficial.

MICRODON Meig.

M. globosus Fab. Riverton IX, 14, Westville VII, 2, IX, 10, Anglesea IX,
4 (Jn); Pemberton VII, 8 (Hk) ; DaCosta VII, 1-16 (Dke); Cape May

VII, 31 (Vk).

M. megalogaster Snow. Clementon V, 30 (Jn) ; Wenonah VI, 23 (Hk).
M. tristis Loew. Ft. Lee (Osburn) ; Dover VI, 17, Newark VI, 14, Clem-
enton V, 9 (Jn); Brown's Mills VI, 22 (Dke).
M. aurifex Wied. Forked River Mts. VII. 9 (Fenninger).
M. rufipes Macq. Lakehurst VII, 7.

MIXOGASTER Macq.
JVl. breviventris Kahl. Lucaston VIII, 27, IX, 14 (Dke).

764 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

CALLICERA Meig.
C. johnsoni Hunt. Glassboro IV, 29 (CG) ; Manumuskin IV, 28 (Dke).

CHRYSOTOXUM Meigen.
C. laterale Loew. Westville IX, 10 (Jn) ; Clementon V, 30, X, 4 (Hk).
C. pubescens Loew. Caldwell VI, 15 (Cr) ; Westfield (Bueno) ; New

Brunswick (Sm); Woodbury IV, 2 (Jn) ; Clementon IX, 7 (Hk) ; Atco

IX, 19 (CG).
C. derivatum Walk. Ri\erton IX, 8, 14.

CHRYSOGASTER Meig.

C. nigripes Loew. Orange (Loew); Morris Plains VI, 25, Riverton V, 10,
Westville VI, 15 (Jn) ; New Brunswick (Sm) ; Bridgeport V, 20 (Dke) ;
Trenton V, 21, Clementon V, 30 (Hk).

C. nitida Wied. Ft. Lee (Osburn); Trenton VII, 3, Clementon IX, &
(Hk); Jamesburg VII, 15, Westville V, 19, Anglesea VII, 19, Bridge-
port V, 20 (Dke).

C. pictipennis Loew. Riverton IV, 26 (CG) ; Clementon V, 9, Lenola V,
30.

C. pulchella Will. New Brunswick V, 24 (Sm); Jamesburg VII (Jn);
Ashland VII, 16 (Hk).

PSILOTA Meig.

P. buccata Macq. Clementon V, 3 (Hk); Manumuskin IV, 28, lona IV,
30 (Dke).

PIPIZA Fall.

P. modesta Loew. Delair X, 19 (Dke); Atco VII, 9, Clementon V, 30.
P. radicum Walsh & Riley, (pos-

tica Will.) Newark VI, 14,

Riverton VIII, 14, Clementon

V, 30 (Jn) ; Wenonah VI, 23

(Hk).
P. pulchella Will. Trenton V.

26 (Hk); Lucaston V, 28

(Dke) ; Sandy Hook VIII, 11,

Avalon VI, 9, Wildwood VIII,

12, Cape May VI, 3.
P. calcarata Loew. Dunnfield

VII, 12, Riverton VII, 4.

Fig. 314. — Pipisa radicum: a root-Unise Syrphid;
<;, larva; b, pupa; c. adult: all enlarged.

PARAGUS Latr.

P. angustifrons Loew. Jamesburg VII, 15, Westville VI, 15, Atco VII, 12,
Anglesea VII, 19 (Jn): Ashland VII, 16 (Hk).

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. y6c

p. bicolor Fab. Ft. Lee (Osbiirn); Princeton VII, 21 (Jn) ; Clementon

X. 4 (Hk).
P. tibialis Fall. Ft. Lee (Osburn); Orange Mt. VIH, 29 (Coll); Dover

VI. 23, Janiesburg VII, 4, Clementon VIII, 6, Atco VL 4 (Jn) ; Trenton

IX, 12 (Hk).

CHILOSIA Meig.

C. simills Coq. Riverton IX, 20; Lucaston IX, S, Clementon IX, 8 (Jn) ;

lona IX, 12 (CG).
C. pallipes Loew. Dunnfield VII, 11. 15, Caldwell VI, 15 (Jn) ; Paterson

V, 3 (Osburn); Delalr VIII, 18 (Dajcke).
C. capillata Loew. Clementon V, 9.
C. tristis Loew. Riverton IX, 11 (CG); Clementon IX. 5, X, 4 (Hk) ;

Hammonton IX, 6, Bamber IX, 9, Manumuskin IX, 15, X, 8 (Dke).
C. comosa Loew. Garrott Rock, Paterson V, 3 (Osburn); Clementon IV,

21 (Dke).

MYIOLEPTA Newman.
M. varipes Loew. Clementon VI, 2 (Dke).

BACCHA Fab.

B. tarchetius Walk. Riverton IX, 9 (CG) ; Westville,
VIII, 28 (Jn); Clementon XII (Hk); Weymouth

VIII, 16 (Dke). plius larva eat-

B. clavata Fab. Riverton IX, 11, Avalon VI, 9. '"^ ^ plant-louse.

B. I u gens Loew. Manumuskin X, 8 (Dke).

B, fascipennis Wied. (aurinota Harris.) Trenton IX. 3, Riverton IX, 9

(Hkl; Ocean Co., Cumberland Co. IX, 1 (Sm).
B. cognata Loew. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 11.

OCYPTAMUS Macq.

O. fuscipennis Say. Trenton VII, 11 (Hk); Westville VII, 4, VIII, 14,
Clementon VIII, 9 (Jn) ; Lakewood (Lansing).

PYROPH/ENA Schr.
P. rosarum Fab. Delaware Water Gap VII, 15.

PLATYCHIRUS St. Farg. & Serv.

P. quadratus Say. Palisades VII, 10 (Lv); Jamesburg VII, 4, 15, West-
ville V, 19, VIH, 23 (Jn); Trenton VII, 5, Clementon V, 30 (Hk).

P. hyperboreus Stseger. Caldwell (Cr); Ft. Lee (Osbum) ; Elizabeth
V, 6 (Kp): Jamesburg VII, 4 ( Jn) ; Clementon V, 30 (Hk).

P. peltatus Meig. Merchantville V, 26 (Dke).

P. chagtopodus Will. Ft. Lee (Osburn).

Fig. 315. — Syr-

766 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

MELANOSTOMA Schiner.

M. obscurum Say. Caldwell (Cr) ; Ft. Lee (Osbum); Riverton IV, 26
(CG); Westville VI, 15, IX, 10 (Jn).

M. mellinum Linn. Caldwell (Cr) ; Ft. Lee (Osburn) ; New Brunswick
(Sm) ; Jamesburg VII, 4, Westville V, 19 (Jn) ; Trenton V, 21, Clemen-
ton V, 30 (Hk).

DIDEA Macq.

D. fasciata Macq. (fuscipes Loew.) Jamesburg, Westville VIII, 21,
Clementon V, 16, Ocean Co. V, 18 (Jn) ; Delair X, 19, lona IV, 30
(Dke).

SYRPHUS Fab.

S. arcuatus Fall. New Brunswick V, 3 (Sm) ; Camden IX, 14, Westville

IV, IG (Kp); Clementon X, 1 (Hk).
S. perplexus Osburn. New Jersey (Osburn).
S. ribesii Linn. Newark VI, 14, Westville VIII, 14, Cumberland Co. IX, 1.

Fig. 316

Fig. 316. — Syrphus torvus: mucli enlarged.

Fig. 317. — Larva a and b, pupa c, of Syrphus torvus: much enlarged.

S. torvus O. S. Caldwell (Cr) ; Camden V, 26 (CG) ; Westville IX, 13
(Jn) ; Prospertown, common in Monmouth and Burlington Cos., feed-
ing on the wheat-louse; the species of this genus are usually feeders
upon plant-lice (Sm).

S. grossulariae Meig. (lesueurii Macq.) Dunnfield VII, 14, Atco VI, 13
( Jn) ; New Brunswick VII, 9, Prospertown VI, 6 (Sm); Anglesea V,
31 (Brn).

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 767

S. amalopis O. S. Paterson V, 3 (Osburn).

S. diversipes'Macq. Paterson V, 3 (Osburn).

S. americanus Wied. Del. Water Gap VII, 12, New Brunswick VI, 1 (Sm);

Trenton V, 21 (Hk) ; Westville VI, 2G, IX, 13, Merchantville VI, 28

(Jn).
S. umbellatarum O. S. Riverton VII, 30 (Jn) ; Pemberton VII, 11 (CG).
S. abbreviatus Zett. Ft. Lee (Osburn); Clementon V, 11 (CG).
S. pyrostri Linn. Garret Rock, Paterson V, 18; the first eastern record

for this European species (Osburn).
S. xanthostomus Will. Ft. Lee (Osburn); Westfield (Bno) ; Lakehurst

(Ds).

ALLOGRAPTA O. S.

A. obliqua Say. Caldwell (Cr) ; Highlands VII, 11, Riverton IX, 5, West-
ville VI, 27, Atlantic City VII, 15 (Jn) ; Pemberton VII, 8, Clementon
IX, 5 (Hk).

XANTHOGRAMMA Schiner.

X. emarginata Say. Riverton IX, 20 (CG) ; Westville (Jn) ; Clementon

IX, 5 (Hk); Lakehurst (Ds).
X. flavipes Loew. Morris Plains VI, 25, Newark VL 10 (Jn) ; Palisades

(Ds); Trenton VII, 5 (Hk).
X. asqualis Loew. Clementon V, 9, 10 (div) ; Malaga V, 1 (Hk).
X. habilis Snow. Clementon IX, 11 (CG) ; heretofore regarded as western.

MESOGRAMMA Loew.

M. polita Say. Caldwell (Cr) ; Sandy Hook VIII, 17, Riverton IX, 5,
Gloucester VIII, 14 (Jn); Trenton IX, 2, Clementon VII, 5 (Hk) ; this
species is sometimes a corn pollen feeder in the larval stage, and
occurred in large numbers in the summer of 1S99 between the leaves
and stalk of corn in Atlantic County.

M. marginata Say. Common throughout the State VI to X.

M. geminata Say. Ft. Lee (Osburn); Riverton IX, 5, Westville VI, 27,
Clementon VIII, 9 (Jn) ; Ashland V, 13, Clementon IX, 5 (Hk).

M. boscii Macq. Avalon VII, 22.

SPH>EROPHORIA St. Farg. & Serv.
S. cylindrica Say. Common throughout the State V to IX.

PELECOCERA Meig.
P. pergandei Will. Riverton IX, 20 (CG); Lucaston IX, 28 (Dke).

SPHEGINA Meig.
S. keeniana Will. Clementon V, 16, VI, 7.

768 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

S. lobata Loew. Diinnfleld VII, 8, 15, Riverton VI, 19 (.In); Clementon

V, 30 (CG).
S. rufiventris Loew. Caldwell (Cr); Lakehurst (Ds).

NEOASCIA Will.
N. globosa Walk. Princeton VII, 21, Westville V, 19, Buena Vista VI, 11.
N. distincta Will. Ashland V, 13 (Hk); Malaga IV, 3 (CG).

RHINGIA Scopoli.

R. nasica Say. Dover VI, 18, Newark VI, IG, Westville VIII, 28, Cumber-
land Co. IX, 1 (Jn); Clementon V, 30 (Hk).

VOLUCELLA Geoff.

V. evecta Walk. Dunnfield VII, 12, Orange Mts. VI, 13, Clementon V, 30.
var. sanguinea Will. Clementon VI, 25 (Hk).

V. vesiculosa Fab. Dunnfield VII, 8, Riverton V, 29 (Jn); DaCosta VI, 4,
Manumuskin VI, 23 (Dke).

V. fasciata Macq. Bred from Cactus ("Opuntia"), obtained at Clementon;
flies continued to emerge from V, 31 to VI, IG (Kp); Anglesea VII,
10, Lahaway VII, 17 (Sm) ; Avalon VI, 8 (Jn) ; this insect is found
wherever the prickly pear occurs, and there is no outward indica-
tion of its presence, save that it is always associated with the larva
of the Phycitid, "Melitara prodenialis."

SERICOMYIA Meig.

S. chrysotoxoides Macq. Ft. Lee (Edwards); Newark VI, 16, Clementon
V, 9 (Jn); Blackwood X, 10 (Vk); Manumuskin IX, 15 (Dke).

ERISTALIS Latr.

E. tenax Linn. This is the common "drone" or "chrysanthemum fly,"
which occurs throughout the State until late fall, and is said to
pollenize chrysanthemums. It resembles a honey bee so closely that
most persons decline to handle it, therefore it is also called "drone-
fly." Its larva lives in the foulest excrement, and is a typical rat-
tailed maggot.

E. aeneus Fab. Boonton IX, 7 (GG) ; Orange, New Brunswick (Sm) ;
Jamesburg, Clementon V, 10, Cape May VI, 14 (Jn); Ashland VII, 16,
5-mile beach VII, 20 (Hk).

E. dimidiatus Wied. Caldwell (Cr) ; Orange Mts., Westville VII, 5,
Clementon V, 10 (Jn); Lucaston IX, 9 (Hk).

E. saxorum Wied. Caldwell (Cr) ; Trenton VII, 3 (Hk); Jamesburg VII,
4, Clementon V, 10 (div); Westville VII, 26, Anglesea VII, 19 (Jn).

E. meigenii Wied. Snake Hill IV, 26 (Lv); Westville VII, 5 (Jn); Tren-
ton VII, 11 (Hk).

/^

/2i

KCf

(>iy

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY.

769

E. bastardi Macq. Snake Hill IV, 26 Lv) ; Newark (Sm); Trenton VII, 7,
Ashland VIII, IG (Hk); Shark River VII, 12, Westville VII, 9, Angle-
sea VII, 19 (Jn).

E. flavipes Walk. Boonton VII, 30 (GG); Ft. Lee (Osbiirn); Sandy Hook
VII, G (Bt); Westville IX, 13, Clementon V, 16, Anglesea VII, 19.
var. melanostomus Loew. Trenton IX, 3 (Hk).

E. transversus Wied. Orange Mts. VII, 4, Westville VII, 5, IX, 10 (Jn) ;
Clementon V, VI, IX, X (div).

TROPIDIA Meig.
T. quadrata Say. Caldwell (Cr) ; W^estville VII, 2, VIII, 23, Clementon

V, 10 (.In); Trenton VII, 11, 5-mile beach VI, 11 (Hk).
T. calcarata Will. Westville V, 19, Woodbury VI, 7.
T. albistylum Macq. Gloucester Co. VII, 15 (Sm); Clementon (Hk).

HELOPHILUS Meig.
H. latifrons Loew. Caldwell (Cr); Westville IX, 13 (Jn); Burlington

Co. (Sm); Clementon V, 11, 16 (CG).
H. similis Macq. Ft. Lee (Osburn) ; Newark V (Sm); Sandy Hook,

Jamesburg V, 19, Westville IX, 9 (Jn) ; Clementon X. 1 (Hk).
H. laetus Loew. Ft. Lee (Osburn); Merchantville V, 19, 31 (CG) ; W^est-

ville V. 19. VIII. 16 (Jn).
H. chrysostcmus Wied. Caldwell (Cr) ; Ft. Lee (Osburn); Jamesbui'g

VII, 4 (Hk); Riverton V, 19, Westville VII, 2 (Jn); Prospertown VI,

7 (Sm).
H. distinctus ^^'ill Jamesburg VII. 4, Westville V, 19.
H. conostomus Will. Ft. Lee (Osburn); Cramer Hill V, 30 (CG); West-
ville VII, 2.
H. divisus Loew. Westville V, 14.
H. integer Loew. Newark VI, 16, Westville VI, 15, VII, 21 (Jn); New

Brunswick VI, 5 (Sm).
H. hamatus Loew. Newark V (Sm) ; Elizabeth V, 15 (Kp).
H. flavifacies Bigot. Dunnfield, Del. W^ater Gap VII, 11.

MALLOTA Meigen.

M. posticata Fab. Morris Plains VI, 25,
Clementon V. 16 (Jn) ; Caldwell
(Cr); New Brunswick VII. 1 (Sm).

M. cimbiciformis Fall. Hewitt, Lakehurst
(Ds); Trenton VII, 3 (Hk) ; River-
ton VII, 3, Clementon V. 9.

TRiODONTA Macq.
T. curvipes Wied. Elizabeth V, 17, 21

(Kp) ; Anglesea IX, 20, Cape May
VI, 14 (Jn).

49 IN

'ig. 31S.

-Mallota posticata and its
larva: enlarged.

770 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

TEUCHOCNEMIS O. S.

T. bacuntius Walk. Palisades (Lv); Ft. Lee (Osburn) ; Clementon V, 7

(CG).
T. lituratus Loew. Great Notch V (Dke); Malaga V, 1 (Hk).

PTERALLASTES Loew.
P. thoracicus Loew. Ft. Lee VIII, 30 (Dke); Gloucester Co. (Sm).

oYRITTA St. Farg. & Serv.
S. pipiens_Linn. Common throughout the State, V to IX.

XYLOTA Meigen.

X. pigra Fab. Ft. Lee (Osburn); lona IX. 12 (CG) ; Shark River VII, 1,

Clementon V, 10, Anglesea VI, 19.
X. tuberans Will. Brown's Mills VI, 5 (Dke).

X. bicolo r.Loew. Hewitt (Ds) ; Englewood (OS); Clementon V, 30 (CG).

X. ejuncida Say. Morris Plains VI, 23, Orange Mts. VII, 4. Clementon V,

' IMJn); Palisades VI, 28 (Lv) ; Riverton V, 19, 5-mile beach VI, 11,

VIII, 5 (Hk).
X. angustiventris Loew. Morris Plains VI, 25, Dunnfield VII, 15 (Jn) ;

Trenton VII, 5, Anglesea VI, 11 (Hk).
X. metallifera Bigot. Clementon IV, 25 (Dke).
X. anthreas Walk. .Jamesburg VII, 4, Merchantville VI, 28.
X. analis Will. Palisades VI, 7 (Lv) ; Clementon VI, 3 (Jn) ; Anglesea

V, 28 (Dke).
X. chalybea Wied. Hewitt (Ds) ; Ft. Lee (Osburn); Caldwell (Cr);

Clementon V, 14 (CG) ; DaCosta VI, 3 (Dke).
/ X. fraudulosa Loew. Ft. Lee (Osburn); Clementon IX, 5, Anglesea VI,

11.

CHRYSOCHLAMYS Rond.
C. dives O. S. Westville VI, 15.

BRACHYPALPUS Macq.

B. frontosus Loew. Newark V (Sm) ; Sandy Hook, Riverton V, 1 (Jn);
Atco IV, 2 (Kp); Clementon V, 5 (Hk); Manumuskin V, 5 (Dke).

B. rileyi Will. Riverton IV, 14 (CG) ; Westville IV, 9, Clementon IV, 15.

B. sorosis Will. Clementon V, 14, 16; Manumuskin IV, 28 (Dke).

CRIORHINA Hoffm.

C. umbratilis Will. So. Amboy V, 10 (Jn) ; Merchantville V (Kp) ; Glass-

boro V, 19 (CG); Clementon V, 9-30 (div) ; Manumuskin V, 10 (Dke).
C. analis Macq. Hewitt (Ds); Newark VI, 16 (Jn) ; Clementon V, 16, 30
(div); Malaga VI, 1 (GG).

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 771

C. intersistens Walk. "Xew Jersey" (Walk); Clementon V, 30 (Hk).
C. verbosa Harris. Bergen Co. IV, 28 (Kp) ; Glassboro III, 28 (CG).
C. decora Macq. Hewitt (Ds); Caldwell (Cr) ; Newark VI, 14, Clemen-
ton V, IG (Jn); Trenton VII, 3 (Hk); Manumuskin V, 10 (Dke).

MILESIA Latr.

M. virginiensis Drury. (ornata Fab.) Diinnfield VII, 11. 15, Clementon
VIII, 9, Cumberland Co. IX, 1 (Jn) ; New Brunswick VIII, 7 (Sm);
Clementon IX, 5, Malaga (Hk).

SPILOMYIA Meig.

S. longicornis Loew. Ft. Lee (Osburn); Riverton IX, 5, Westville IX,
13 (Jn); Clementon IX, 5 (Hk); Anglesea IX, 3 (Sm).

S. fusca Loew. Dunnfield VII, 14 (Jn); Hewitt (Ds) ; Palisades VIII, 14
CDke).

S. hamifera Loew. Caldwell (Cr) ; Ft. Lee (Osburn); New Brunswick
" _ ^'1.5 (Sm): Trenton VII. 3 (Hk) ; Clementon V, 30 (CG).

oT. y* L-K. '

SPHECOMYIA Latr.

S. vit tata Wied. Caldwell (Cr) ; Riverton V, 1, Clementon V, 9, IG (Jn) ;
Malaga V, 1 (CG).

TEMNOSTOMA St. Farg.
T. bombylans Fab. Ft. Lee (Osburn) ; Long Branch VI, 9 (Jn) ; River-

ton IV, 4, Clementon VI, 2 (CG) ; Trenton VII, 3 (Hk) ; Merchantville

V. 2G (Dke).
T. alternans Loew. Hewitt (Ds) ; Orange Mts. (Wdt).
T. trifasciata Robt. Anglesea VI, 11 (Hk).
T. pictula Will. Trenton VII, 3 (Hk).

CERIA Fab.

C. abbreviata Loew. Trenton VII, 3 (Hk); Merchantville V, 2G (Dke);
Clementon V, 16, 30 (div).

Family CONOPID.^.

Medium-sized flies, with a large head, comparatively small, chunky
body and a long abSomen, which is often constricted at base and en-
larged bulb-like at tip, as in certain wasps. They are called "thick-head"
flies, and have rather slender antenna, though long for this series. The
larvae are parasites upon bees and grasshoppers.

CONORS Linn.

C. brachyrhynchus Macq. Del. Water Gap VII, 11, Merchantville VI, 29,
Atco VII, 12 (Jn); Clementon VIII, 15 (Hk).

772 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

C. bulbirostris Loew. Delair VIII, 5 (Dke) ; Westville V, 31 (CG) ; Atco

VII, 12 (Jn).
C. sylvosus Will. Caldwell (Cr) ; Clementon VI, 15 (Hk) ; Atco VII, 12

(Jn).

C. xanthopareus Will. Jamesburg VII, 4, Westville VIII, 16, Clementon

V, 30 (Jn); Ocean Co. (Sm).

^ C. excisus Wied. Riverton VII, 3, DaCosta VII, 30.

PHYSOCEPHALA Schiner.

P. tibialis Say. Dunnfield VII, 8, Riverton VI, 20, VII, 30,
~ Westville VII, 5 (Jn) ; Orange Mts. (Sm); Clementon

VII, 15, Pemberton IX, 1 (Hk).
P. sagittaria Say. Ft. Lee (Bt) ; Orange Mts., Riverton IX,

11, Clementon VIII, 6, Anglesea VII, 15 (Jn).
P. furcijjata Will. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 14. Conops tibialis.

P. marginata Say. Manahawkin IX, 5 (Hk). ■^'^' ^'^'

ZODION Latr.

Z. fulvifrons Say. Morris Plains VI, 25, Westville IX, 10, Clementon V,

10 (Jn) ; Prospertown VI, 7 (Sm).

Z. nanellum Loew. Buena Vista VI, 11, Atco VII, 12 (Jn); Hammonton

VIII, 26 (Dke).

Z. obliquefasciatum Macq. Riverton VII, 29, VIII 11.

Z. pygmaeum Will. Avon IX, 27 (Hk); lona IX, 12, Clementon VII, 29,
Pemberton VH, 11 (CG).

STYLOGASTER IVIacq.

S. neglecta Will. Dunnfield VII, 11, Riverton VII, 30 (Jn) ; Wenonah VII,

22 (Dke); Clementon VII, 29 (Hk).
S. biannulata Say. New Jersey (Bt).

DALMANNIA Desv.

D. nigriceps Loew. Clementon V, 15-VI, 6 (div) ; Buena Vista VI, 11 (Jn).

0NC0IV1YIA Loew.

O. abbreviata Loew. Delair VIII, 5 (Dke) ; Woodbury VI, 7, Merchantville

VI, 28, Atco VI, 4 (Jn) ; Clementon VI, 25.

IVIYOPA Fab.

IVI. vesiculosa Say. Newark V (Sm); Jamesburg VII, 4, Buena Vista VI,

11 (Jn); Camden V, 18, Lenola IV, 29 (Kp) ; Riverton IV, 23 (CG).
IVI. vicaria Walk. Riverton IV, 17 (Vk).

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY.

77Z

Family CESTRID.^.

These are the "bot-flies," usually of good size, sometimes very large,
and peculiar by having the mouth parts almost entirely aborted. Some
are hairy, yellow, with rather a pointed abdomen; others are very plump,
blue black, with a white bloom, and very formidable in appearance. The
larvse live in the nasal passages, in the stomach or beneath the skin of
the animals infested by them, and often cause serious functional disturb-
ance. They also lessen the value of the skins. The ordinary bots attack-
ing horses and cattle lay their eggs on the hair of the animals, where
they are likely to be licked off, and so brought into the mucus-lined
passages; hence it is a good plan, where bots are numerous, to keep
horses cleaned and brushed and to prevent their licking themselves.
Bots beneath the skin should be treated with mercurial ointment, and
after a day or two squeezed out through a suflBcient incision. Where they
infest the stomach, or get into the nasal passages, a veterinarian must be
consulted.

GASTROPHILUS Leach.

G. equi Fab. The horse bot-fly, which spends the larval stage in the in-
testines, and is passed naturally when full grown; it pupates under
ground and the eggs are laid on the hair.

G. nasalis Linn. Caldwell (Cr).

HYPODERMA Clark.

The ox bot, Hypoderma lineata: a, eggs attached to hair;
b, fly; c, larva.
Fig. 320.

H. lineata Villers. The "Ox ^Yarble"; occurs rarely throughout the State.
H. bovis De Geer. Atlantic City, Belvidere (U S Ag).
These species live under the skin and form tumors and ulcers.

774 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

CESTRUS Linn.

O. ovis Linn. The sheep-bot.
This species lives in the
nasal and other head pass-
ages of sheep and causes a
disease known as staggers,
often resulting in death.

CUTEREBRA Clark.

C. buccata Fab. Ocean Co. VI
(Sm); Dunnfield VII, 12. A
species living under the
skin of rabbits.

C. horripilum Clark. Riverton
VII, 6.

Fig. 321. — The sheep-bot, CEstrus oi'is: i
flies, wings closed and open; s, pupa;
4, 5, full grown larvae; 6,
young larva.

Family TACHINID/E.

The Tachina flies are almost all parasitic and of the very highest use-
fulness, since they form the chief control of many caterpillars. Ttey
resemble house-flies, flesh-flies, and blue-bottles in appearance, but are
much more bristly; sometimes formidable-looking from the array of
sharp points projecting in every direction.
The bristle on the third antennal joint is
always bare, and this is the best char-
acter for the recognition of the family.

These flies often lay their eggs on the
outside of the caterpillar, usually just back
of the head, where the larvae cannot easily
get at them. They are white in color and
quite large enough to be easily seen.

Cut-worms are a common prey of these
flies; sometimes of hundreds of such larva
gathered not two per cent, will be free of
these white eggs. In an army worm year
sometimes scarcely one per cent, of the last
brood is free. Anywhere from one to 100
grubs may infest a single caterpillar, depending upon the size of the
host.

GYMNOCLYTIA B. & B. (CISTOGASTER.)
G. immaculata Macq. Westville VI, 26 (Jn) ; Glassboro VII, 8 (CG) ;

Clementon V, 30, IX, 5 (Hk).
G. occidua Walk. Dover VI, 17, Chester VII, 25, Westville, Atco VII, 12
(Jn); Middlesex Co. VII, 7, Jamesburg VII, 4 (Sm).

Fig. 422. — Tachinid parasite on
cut-worms showing larva,
pi;pa and adult, as well as
the eggs on the anterior
segments of a caterpillar.

GYMNOSOMA Meig.
G. fuliginosa Desv. Caldwell (Cr) ; Woodbuiy VI, 7, Clementon VIII, 8,
Buena Vista VI, 11, Anglesea VII, 19 (Jn).

THE IxXSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 775

PHORANTHA Rond.

P. occidentis Walk. Trenton V, 5 (Hk); Westville V, 19, Woodbury VI,

7, Atco VII. 9, Buena Vista VI, 11, Cleraenton V, 10.
P. nigrens V. d. W. Riverton X, 12, 20.

ALOPHORA Desv.
A. aeneoventris Will. Clementon V, 16.
A. fumosa Coq. Dunnfield VII, 12, Clementon V, 16.
A. subopaca Coq. Type at Woodbury VI, 7, Riverton IX, 11.
A. pulverea Coq. Riverton X, 20.
A. di versa Coq. Riverton X, 12.

POLISTOMYIA Towns.

P. trifasciata Loew. (plumipes Fab.) Caldwell (Cr) ; Glassboro VII, 10,
VIII, 2 (CG); DaCosta VII, 17 (Lt) ; Clementon IX, 7 (Hk).

TRICHOPODA Latr.

T. pennipes Fab. Cramer Hill VIII, 24, Merchantville VI, 28, Shark
River VII, 12, Anglesea VII, 19, DaCosta VII, 30; a parasite of the
squash bug, "Anasa tristis" (Jn) ; Clementon IX, 5 (Hk).

GALACTOMYIA Towns.

G. radiata Loew. Del. Water Cap VII, 10, Orange Mts. VII, 4, Westville
VI, 15.

MYIOPHASIA B. and B.

M. aenea Wied. New Brunswick (Coll); Riverton IX, 20 (CG) ; Atlantic
City VII, 15, Cape May VI, 22 (Jn) ; Lucaston IX, 9 (Hk) ; a parasite
of "Balaninus nasicus," "Conotrachelus juglandis" and "Sphenophor-
us parvulus," all of which are injurious weevils.

M. setigera Town. Avalon VII, 22, Cape May IX, 25.

CRYPTOMEIGENIA Br. and Berg.

C. theutis Walk. Caldwell (Cr) ; New Brunswick V (Sm); Riverton III,
20 (Jn) ; 5-mile beach VI, 11 (Hk) ; a parasite of "Lachnosterna in-
versa."

PHASIOCLISTA Town.
P. metallica Town. Boonton VIII, 8 (GG) : Anglesea IX, 1 (Jn).

CERATOMYIELLA Town.
C. conica Town. Westville VII, 2.

7/6 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

EULASIONA Town.
E. comstockii Town. Clementon VI, 6 (Hk).

ADMONTIA Br. and Berg.

A. demylus Walk. Atlantic Co. VIII; parasite of the pine saw-fly, "Lo-

phyriis abbotii."
A. degeerioides Coq. Nevr Brunswick (Sm); Trenton V, 21 (Hk).
A. pergandei Coq. "New Jersey" (A E S) ; Pemberton VII, 8 (Hk).
A. polita Coq. Lucaston VI, 27 (Dke).
A. hylotomae Coq. Chester IX, 16 (Coll); Newark X (Jn) ; Trenton VIII,

8 (Hk).
A. nasoni Coq. Clementon IX, 11 (CG).

CLAUSICELLA Rondani.
C. johnsoni Coq. Riverton IX, 14.

ACTIA Desv.

A. pilipennis Fallen. Dunnfield VII, 15 ( Jn) ; Trenton V, 21 (Hk).

CELATORIA Coquillett.
C. spinosa Coq. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 12.

HYPOSTENA Meig.
H. dunningii Coq. New Brunswick VI, 18 (Sm); Woodbury V, 14, VI, 7.
H. tortricis Coq. Avalon VII, 22.
H. variabilis Coq. Dunnfield VII, 8, 15 (Jn); Trenton VII, 3, Clementon

V, 30 (Hk) ; a parasite of "Pyrausta penitalis."
H. gilvipes Coq. Shiloh TX, 1.

H. fioridensis Town. Trenton VII, 3 (Hk) ; Riverton IX, 11 (Jn).
H. flaveola Coq. Asbiiry Park VIII, 16.

MACQUARTIA Desv.

M. pristis Walk. Dunnfitkl VII, 8, 15 (Jn) ; New Brunswick VII, IS
(Sm): Trenton VII, 8 (Hk).

POLIDEA Macq.
P. areos Walk, Chester IX, 1 (Coll).

HYPOCH/tTA Br. and Berg.
H. iongicornis Schiner. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 15.

THE INSECTS OE NEW JERSEY. -j'j'j

METHYPOSTENA Towns.
M. barbata Coq. Trenton VH, 17 (Hk)-

LESKIA Desv.

L. thecata Coq. Riverton VII, 3 (Jn) ; Clementon VI, 25 (Hk).
L. analis Say. Riverton IX, 22 (Hk); Collingswood (CG) ; Westville
VIII, H, Clementon vni, 6. Anglesea V, 28 (Jn).

LESKIOMIMA Br. and Berg.

L. tenera Wied. Dunnfield VII. 9, Riverton VII, 31, Woodbury V, 15
(Jn); Clementon IX, 5 (Hk).

EUPHYTO Town.
E. subopaca Coq. Type taken at Clementon V, 30 (Jn), VIII. 30 (Hk).

LEUCOSTOMA Meig.
L. senilis Town. Westville VIII, 13, Woodbury VI, 7.

SCIASMA Coq.
S. nebulosa Coq. Jamesburg VII, 4. Riverton V, 14.

HYALOIVIYODES Town.

H. triangulifera Loew. Culver's Lake V, 29 (Coll); Riverton IX, 14,
Clementon VI, 25 (Hk); Pemberton V, 10 (CG).

CESTROPHASIA Br. and Berg.

CE. ochracea Bigot. Orange Mts. (Jn); Lahaway VII, 5 (Sm).

CE. clausa B & B. Clementon VI, 7 (Li).

CE. signifera V. d. Wulp. Clementon VI, 7 (Li); Atco VI, 3 (Jn).

XANTHOMELANODES Town.
X. arcuata Say. Clementon VIII. 30, IX, 8, lona IX, 12 (CG).
X. atripennis Say. Hamn.onton VII, 6 (Dke) ; Lakehurst VII, 18 (Coll);
Clementon IX, 5 (Hk) ; Lucaston IX, 8, lona IX, 12 (CG).

HEMYDA Desv.

H. aurata Desv. Trenton VII, 5 (Hk) ; Woodbury VI, 7, Clementon VII,
29 (CG).

EPIGRYIVIYIA Town.
E. polita Town. Woodbuiy VI, 7 (Jn); Clementon V, 30, VI, 25 (Hk).
E. floridensis Town. Westville VII, 4 (Jn) ; Riverton IX, 22, Clementon
VII, 4 (Hk).

778 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

SIPHONA Meig.

S. geniculata DeGeer. Del. Water Gap VII, 8, Shark River VII, 12,
Lenola V, 30, Ocean Co. V, Avalon VI. 30.

PARAPLAGIA Br. and Berg.'

P. spinulosa Bigot. Chester IX, 3 (Coll); Pemberton IX, 1 (Hk) ; At-
lantic Co. VII, 24 (Sm); Atco VI, 6 (Jn).

CYRTOPHLCEBA Rond.

C. horrida Coq. Westville IV, 19 (Jn) ; Clementon V, 3 (Hk).

PLAGIA Meig.

P. americana V. d. W. Trenton VIII, 11, Pemberton VII, 8 (Hk) ; River-
ton VII, 31 (Jn).

SIPHOPLAGIA Town.
S. rigidirostris V. d. W. Riverton IX, 22 (Hk); Westville VIII, 13.

DISTICHONA V. d. W.

D. varia V. d. W. Atco VII, 12.

D. auriceps Coq. Trenton IX, 1, Clementon X, 4 (Hk) ; Belleplain IX,
8 (Dke).

PACHYOPHTHALMUS Br. and Berg.

P. signatus Meig. Jamesburg VII, 4; a parasite of "Pelopoeus cemen-

tarius."
P. floridensis Town. Woodbury VI, 7, Clementon V, 16, Atco VI, IS,

Cape May VI, 6; also a parasite of "Pelopoeus cementarius."

SENOTAINIA Macq.

S. rubriventris Macq. Riverton IX, 5, Atco VII, 12, Atlantic City VII, 15,

Buena Vista VI, 11 (Jn) ; Clementon V, 30, Lucaston IX, 9, Ashland

VII, 16 (Hk).
S. trilineata V. d. W. Trenton VII, 3 (Hk) ; Farmingdale VII, 14, Atco

VI, 6, Avalon VII, 29 (Jn) ; Clementon V-VIII (div) ; a parasite of

"Sphecius speciosus."

SIPHOSTURMIA Coq.
S. rostrata Coq. lona V, 26 (Dke).

TRIACHORA Towns.

T. unifasciata Desv. (Belvosia) Chester
(Dkn); Trenton VII, 3 (Dke); West-
ville VIII, 23, Clementon VI, X, a para-
site of the army worm "Leucania uni- ^. t • ; -t ■ ,

•^ Fig. 323. — Triachora Knifasctata.

puncta."

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 779

LATREILLIMYIA Towns.

L. bifasciata Fab. (Belvosia) Pcalisades VII, 13
(Lv) ; Westville VII, 26, Clementon VIII, IX, 5
(Jn) ; Lakewood (Lansing) ; bred from "Eacles
imperialis" and also infests "Citheronia regalis"
and "Dryocampa rubicunda."

APHRIA Desv. Fig. 324.— Latrcillimyia

rr, T , ,TTr . ^1 ^ bifasciatd.

A. ccypterata Town. Jamesburg VII, 4, Clementon

V. 30 (Hk) ; Westville VII, 21, Atco VII, 12, DaCosta VII, 30, Buena
Vista VI, 11 (Jn).

OCYPTERA Latr.

O. carolinse Desv. Caldwell (Cr) ; Westville VI, 26, Atco VI, 18, Atlantic
City VII, 15, Cape May VI, 14 (Jn) ; Pemberton VII, 8, Clementon VI,
24, X, 4 (Hk) ; parasite of the army worm, "Leucania unipuncta."

O. argentea Town. Orange Mts. VII, 4, Westville VII, 2.

O. dosiades Walk. Dover VI, 25, Westville VI, 26, Atco VII, 12, Atlantic
City VII. 15, Anglesea VII, 19.

LINN/EMYIA Desv.

L. comta Fall. New Brunswick VIII, 11 (Coll); Trenton VII, 11, Pem-
berton IX, 1, Ashland V, 13 (Hk); Farmingdale VII, 14, Westville VI,
27, VII, 21 (Jn).

PANZERIA Desv.

P. radicum Fab. Riverton V, 3 (GG) ; Clementon V (div) ; a parasite of
"Hyphantria cimea."

P. penitalis Coq. Riverton X, 9 (Jn) ; Clementon VIII, 30 (CG); a para-
site of "Pyrausta penitalis."

MACROMEIGENIA Br. and Berg.

M. chrysoprocta Wied. Orange Mt. VIII, 29 (Coll); Trenton VII, 7 (Hk);
Pemberton IX, 8 (CG); Lakewood (Lansing).

GYMNOCH/ETA Desv.

G. alcedo Loew. Newark VI, IG, Jamesburg VII, 4. Woodbury VI, 7,
Riverton IV, 17, IX, 22 (CG) ; Clementon V, 30, VI. 25 (Hk).

EXORISTOIDES Coq.

E. slossonae Coq. Westville V, 30, Clementon VI, 25, VII, 21.

EUSISYROPA Town.

E. blanda O. S. Dunnfield VII, 14, Farmingdale VII, 14 (Jn) ; New Hope
VII, 10 (Hk) ; a parasite on "Euclea cippus," "Nisoniades brizo" and
"Pyrameis cardui" (Coq).

ySo REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

E. boarmias Coq. Atlantic Co. VII; bred from the oak tortrix, "Cacoecia
fervidana" (Sm).

EXORISTA Meig.

E. helvina Coq. Dunnfield VII, 14, New Brunswick, Jamesburg, Anglesea

VII, 11.
E. confinis Fall. Dunnfield VII, 12, Orange Mts. VII, 4, Farmingdale VII,

14, Riverton III, 3, Woodbury V, 14 (Jn) ; Trenton VIII, 11 (Hk) ; a

parasite of "Lycsena pseudargiolus" and "Thecla calanus."
E. futilis O. S. Westville V, 19 (Jn) ; Ashland V, 13 (Hk) ; a parasite of

"Hadena apamiformis" and "Pyranieis atalanta."
E. griseomicans V. d. W. New Brunswick VIII, 14 (Sm); Anglesea V, 11

(Hk) ; a parasite of "Orgyia leucostigma."
E. eudryae Town. Clementon VII, 26; a parasite of "Acronycta hama-

melis," "Agrotis ypsilon," "Eudryas unio," "Hyperchiria io" and "Pyra-

meis atalanta."
E. spinipennis Coq. Anglesea IX, 1.
E. dorsalis Coq. Riverton VIII, 25.
E. pyste Walk. Trenton V, 15 (Coll).

EUPHOROCERA Town.

E. claripennis Macq. Throughout the State III-VIII; a parasite of "Ani-
sota senatoria," "Clisiocampa disstria," "Empretia stimulea," "Orgyia
leucostigma," "Vanessa antiopa" and other Lepidoptera; also of
"Epilachna borealis."

E. cinerea V. d. W. Clementon IV. 21 (Dke).

PHOROCERA Desv.

P, rufilabris V. d. W. Newark VI, Jamesburg VII, 4 (Jn) ; Trenton VIII,

II, Clementon VI, 24 (Hk).
P. comstocki Will. Dover VI, 18.

P. doryphorae Riley. Parasite on potato beetle.
P. leucaniae Coq. Riverton IV, 24 ., s^-.

(Hk); Lucaston IV, 14 (Dke); a

parasite of "Leucania unipuncta."

FRONTINA Meig.

F. ancilla Walk. Dunnfield, Del.

Water Gap VII, 15.
F. frenchii Will. New Brunswick

(Sm) ; Lucaston IX, 9, Pemberton

IX, 1 (Hk); bred from "Telea

polyphemus" IV, 10 (Sm); bred

III, 17 from "Attacus cecropia" by
G. Valentine, of Hammonton; also parasite on "Anisota senatoria,"
"Clisiocampa americana," "Orgyia leucostigma," "Papilio turnus," etc.

Fig. 325. — Phoroccra dprypliorcc.

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 781

F. rubentis Coq. Clementon VIII, 6.

F. aletiae Riley. Anglesea VI, 11 (Hk) ; a parasite of "Halisidota tessel-
lata," "Dasylophia anguina" and "Orgyia leucostigma."

STURM I A Desv.

S. albifrons \Vall\. Burlington Co. VII (Sm); Riverton IX, 5, 22; a para-
site of "Ecpantheria scribonia" and "Leucarctia acraea."

S. inquinata V. d. W. Newark: bred from "Eacles imperialis" (Sm) ; also
a parasite of "Protoparce celeus," "P. Carolina," "Deilephila lineata,"
etc.

S. normula V. d. W. Trenton IX, 7, Clementon V, 30 (Hk).

S. nigrita Town. New Brunswick V, 27 (Sm); Riverton V, 19 (Hk).

S. australis Coq. New Hope VII, 10 (Hk).

MASICERA Macq.

M. tenthredinidarum Town. Jamesburg VII, 4, Woodbury VI, 7.
M. celer Coq. Dunnfield VII, 8, 14, Westville VI, 27.

M. eufitchiae Town. New Brunswick (Sm) ; Clementon V, 5-30 (Hk) ; a
parasite of "Eufltchia ribearia," and "Hyphantria cunea."

ACEMYIA Desv.

A. dentata Coq. Chester IX, 3 (Coll); Lucaston IX, 9 (Hk).

PSEUDOCH/ETA Coo.
P. argentifrons Coq. Merchantville VI, 28.

PROSPHERYSA V. d. W.
P. aemulans V. d. W. Anglesea.

EUTHERA Loew.
E. tentatrix Loew. Clementon V, 30 (Hk).

TACHINOMYIA Town.

T. robusta Town. (Tachina) Clementon V, VI (Jn) ; Prospertown VI, 1
(Sm); a parasite of "Agrotis ypsilon."

TACHINA Meigen.

T. mella Walk. Newark V (Sm); Riverton IV, 16, Westville IV, 19, VII,
21 (Jn); Clementon X, 4 (Hk); Lakewood (Lansing); a parasite of
"Orgyia leucostigma," "Pyrrharctia Isabella," "Leucarctia acrtea," etc.

BLEPHARIPEZA Macq.

B. leucophrys Wied. Dunnfield VII, 15 (Jn) ; Trenton VII, 8 (Hk).

782 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

WINTHEMIA Desv.

W. quadripustulata Fab. Throughout the
State V-X; parasitic on "Attacus ce-
cropia," "Telea polyphenius," "Orgyia
leucostigma," "Leucania unipuncta,"
"Halisidota tessellata," "Protoparce
celeus," etc.

PARADIDYMA B. and B.

P. singularis Town. Riverton VII, 3, IX, 25,
Atco VII, 9 (Jn); Buena Vista VII, 10
(Li).

Fig. 326. — U'intheuiia quadri-
pustulata.

METACH/ETA Coq.

M. helymus Walk. Shark River VII, 12, Riverton IV, 17, Westville VII,
21, Clementon V, 16, Buena Vista VI, 11, Anglesea VII, 19.

PHORICH/ETA Rond.
P. sequax Will. Atco VI, 4.

CH>£TOPLAGIA Coq.

C. atripennis Coq. Type taken Westville VII, 2, '92; Riverton VI, IS.

METOPIA Meigen.

M. leucocephala Rossi. Trenton VII, 3, Clementon V, 30 (Hk); Riverton
VIII, 13 (Jn).

ARABA Desv.
A. tergata Coq. Riverton VI, IG, Shiloh, Cumberland Co. IX, 1.

OPSIDIA Coq.

O. gonioides Coq. Type taken Atlantic City VII, 15, '94; Shark River VII,
12 (Jn); Anglesea VII, 20, VIII, 5 (Hk).

HILARELLA Rond.
H. decens Town. Jamesburg VII, 15 (Sni).
H. fulvicornis Coq. Del. Water Gap VII, 13, Atlantic City VIII, 28, Ava-

lon VI, 29 (Jn); Pemberton VII, 8, Clementon V, 30, Anglesea VI, 11

(Hk).
H. polita Town. Westville V, 19, Woodbury VI, 7 (Jn); Clementon V,

21 (Hk); Atco VI, 21 (CG).
H. siphonina Zett. Clementon (Jn) ; Lucaston IX, 8 (CG).

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 783

BRACHYCOMA Rond.

B. intermedia Town. Weslville VII, 21, Anglesea VII, 16.
B. sarcophagina Town. Shiloh IX, 1.

B. sheldoni Coq Trenton V, 23 (Hk).

GONIA Meig.

G. senilis Will. Split Rock Lake V, 28 (GG) ; Trenton V, 21 (Hk) ; Buena

Vista VI, 6 (Li); Clementon V, 12, Atco VII, 12.
G. capitata DeGeer. Caldwell (Cr); Westville IV, 9, Clementon IV, VI,

Buena Vista VI, 11; a parasite of cut-worms, -"Hadena devastatrix,"

"Peridroma saucia," etc.

SPALLANZANIA Desv.

S. hesperidarum Will. Westville VI, 27, VII, 2, Atco IX, 11, Anglesea VI.
25 (Jn); Clementon VI, 25 (Hk); a parasite of "Eudamus tityrus."

G/EDIOPSIS Br. and Berg.

G. ocellaris Coq. Newark VII (Sm); Trenton VII, 7 (Hk).

CH/ETOG/EDIA Br. and Berg.

C. analis V. d. Wulp. Trenton VII, 11 (Hk).

MICR0PHTHALIV1A Macq.

M. disjuncta Wied. Boonton VIII, 28 (GG) ; Dunnfield VII, 15, Riverton
IX, 11, Atco VII, 12, IX, 8; a parasite of "Lachnosterna arcuata."

TRICHOPHORA Macq.

T. ruficauda V. d. W. Caldwell (Cr) ; Trenton VIII, 11 (Hk) ; Westville
VII, 24. VIII, 14 (Jn).

CUPHOCERA Macq.

C. fucata V. d. W. New Brunswick, Ocean Co. (Sm); Jamesburg VII, 4,
Westville VI, 14, Atco IX, 11 (Jn) ; Clementon V, 30, VIII, 9 (Hk).

PELETERIA Desv.

P. robusta Wied. Boonton VII, 10 (GG) ; Glassboro VIII, IX, 6 (CG) ;
Clementon VI, 25, X, 4 (Hk).

ARCHYTAS Jaen.

A. hystrix Fab. Caldwell (Cr) ; Shark River VII, 12, Westville VII, 10,
Clementon VIII, 6 (Jn) ; Lucaston IX, 9 (Hk) ; Atco IX, 8 (CG) ; Ches-
ter (Dn).

784 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

A. aterrima Desv. Throughout the State VI-X; a parasite of "Acronycta
occidentalis," "Lagoa crispata," etc.

A. analis Fab. Clementon X, 4 (Hk).

F.CHINOMYIA Dumeril.
E. decisa Walk. "New Jersey" (Coq).
E. florum Walk. Clementon V, 10, X, 4 (div) ; Atco VI, 4, Buena Vista

VI, 11.
E. dakotensis Town. Lucaston VIII, 27 (CG); Atco IX, 11, Buena Vista

VI, 11 (Jn); Clementon IX, 5, X, 4 (Hk) ; Anglesea (W).

EPALPUS Rond.

E. signiferus Walk. Split Rock Lake IV, 28 (GG) ; Caldwell (Cr) ; New
Brunswick (Sm); Riverton IV, 17, Westville IV, 26 (Jn) ; Atco IV, 2
(Kp).

BOMBYLIOMYIA B. and B.

B. abrupta Wied. Dunnfield VII. 4, Morris Plains (Jn) ; Caldwell (Cr) ;

Ft. Lee (Bt); Camden IX, 2 (Kp); Trenton (U S Ag).

Family DEXIID.^.

The "nimble flies" of Comstock differ from the Tachinids which they
otherwise resemble, in the longer legs and in having the bristle of the
antennae plumose to the tip. They are much less abundant, but are also
parasitic in habit.

MYOCERA Desv.

M. simplex Big. (eremides Wlk.) Chester IX, 16 (Coll); Westville VI,
21, Woodbury VII, 7, Atco VI, 18, Buena Vista VI, 11.

PARAPROSENA B. and B.
P. apicalis Desv. Del. Water Gap VII, 14, Dover VI, 7.

MELANOPHORA Meig.

M. roralis Linn. Del. Water Gap VII, 12, Clementon VIII, 6 (Jn) ; Avalon
VI, VII (div).

DEXIA Meig. (ZELIA Desv.)
D. vertebrata Say. Delaware Water Gap VII, 8.

PHASIOPS Coq.
P. fiava Coq. Caldwell (Cr).

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY.

78q

PTILODEXIA B. and B.

P. tibialis Desv. Del. Water Gap VII, 14, Orange Mts. VII, 4, Riverton V,
29, Clementon V, 16 (Jn).

EUANTHA V. d. Wulp.
E. liturata Oliv. DaCosta VII, 30.

CH^TONA V. d. Wulp.
C. macroptera V. d. Wulp. Trenton VII, 7 (Hk).

THELAIRODES V. d. Wulp.
T. basalis Giglio-Tos. Dover VI, 23, Orange Mts.
T. cinereicollis V. d. Wulp. Riverton V, 30.

THELAIRA Desv.
T. leucozona Panz. Avalon VII, 22.

THERESIA Desv.
T. tandrec Desv. Chester (Sm); Malaga VIII, 4 (CG).

Family SAl>^COPHAGID.E.

These are the "flesh flies," so called because they lay their eggs on
exposed meats or other animal matter, these eggs being either ready to
hatch or actually hatched when laid. The antennal bristle is here
plumose at the base and bare at
tip, and as scavengers the insects
are useful, some lavvse occurring
in excrement and decay of all
sorts.

SARCOPHAGA Meig.

S. carnaria Linn. Anglesea VII,
19, Cape May VI, 14. This is
the common flesh-fly.

S. £3egra Walk. Westville V, 19,
Anglesea VII, 19.

S. georgiana Wied. Common
throughout the State.

S. sarraceniae Riley. New Bruns-
wick VIII, 7 (Coll).

S. incerta Walk. Lakehurst IX,
26 (Coll).

50 IN

Fig. 327. — .-\ flesh-fly, very much enlarged.

786 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

HELICOBiA Coq.

H. helicis Town. Chester IX, 3, New Brunswick VI, 4 (Coll); Avalon
VII, 22.

Family MUSCID.E.

This family contains the common house-fly, the stable fly, the horn-fly,
the blow-fly and similar well-known insects. All of these have the an-
tennal bristle hairy or plumose to the tip, but have no spines on the
abdomen except at the end, about the anal segments.

The larvae of these flies are true maggots, and with few exceptions they
live in decaying material of all kinds, excrement, putrid meat, garbage,
etc. Eggs are laid in masses and hatch in a few hours, the larval life
being often scarcely a week.

As scavengers these insects are useful, but they become a nuisance in
the house and in the stable. While the majority of the flies gain their
living by scraping and lapping liquid or pasty foods, a few of them are
blood-suckers, the mouth being developed for piercing and sucking.

POLLENIA Desv.

P. rudis Fab. Common throughout the State V-VIII; this is a larger fl.y
than the common house-fly, but is also found on windows, especially
in late summer.

CHRYSOMYIA Desv.

C. macellaria Fab. Common throughout the State VI-VIII; the larva of
this fly, known as the screw-worm, has done great harm in the south-
west, but is not injurious in New Jersey.

CYNOMYIA Desv.

C. cadaverina Desv. Boonton X, 9 (GG) ; Westville IX, 9, Clementon V.
9 (Jn); Lakehurst IX, 26 (Coll).

CALLIPHORA Desv.

C. erythrocephala Meig. Common throughout the State IV-X.
C. vomitoria Linn. This is the common "blow^-fly" which occurs every-
where in the State, all season.
C. viridescens Desv. Westville IV, 9.

LUCILIA Desv.

L. caesar Linn. Common throughout the State IV to XI.
L. sylvarum Meig. Jamesburg, Westville V, 19, Atlantic City. Anglesea
VII, 10.

THE INSECTS OE NEW JERSEY.

787

L. sericata Meig. Atlantic Highlands VII, 11 (Lv) ; Riverton IX, 9,
Clementon V, 9 (Jn).

PROTOPHORMIA Town.

P. terrae-novas Desv. Dover VI. 17, Westville VI, 15 (Jn) ; Paterson V,
28 (Coll).

PHORMIA Desv.

P. regina Meig. Boonton IV, 12 (GG) : Caldwell (Cr) ; New Brunswick
(Sm); Jamesburg VII. 4, Westville V, 15, Avalon VIII, 22 (Jn).

PSEUDOPYRELLIA Girschner.
P. cornicina Fab. Riverton IX, 9, Westville.

PROTOCALLIPHORA Hough.
P. splendida Macq. Ashland VII, 16 (Hk).

MORELLIA Desv.

M. micans Macq. Newark VI, 16, Westville VII, 21, Shiloh IX, 1 (Jn) ;
New Brunswick (Sm).

MUSCA Linn.

Fig. 328. — The "house fly," Musca domestica: larva with details at riglU; puparium at
left; adult in center: all enlarged.

M. domestica Linn. House or "typhoid fly"; common throughout the
State, all year around in sheltered places. It breeds preferably in
horse manure, but is not averse to other excrementitious matter.

788 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

GRAPHOMYIA Desv.

G. maculata Scop. Jamesburg VII, 4, Clementon V, 12, VIII, 8, X, 1 ( Jn) ;
Riverton VII, 12 (CG).

STOMOXYS Geoff.

S. calcitrans Linn. The "stable-fly," common throughout the State; a
great pest to cattle (Sm).

LYPEROSIA Rond. (H/EMATOBIA Desv.)

Fig. 329. — The horn fly, Lyperosia irritans : a. egg; b, fly; c, d,
head and mouth parts: much enlarged.

L. irritans Linn, (serrata Ddsv.) "The horn-fly"; common throughout
the State, but not so abundant as in previous years. Cattle may be
protected from its attacks by sponging lightly with fish oil, to which
a little crude carbolic acid has been added.

IVIUSCINA Desv.

IVI. stabulans Fall. New Brunswick VI, VII (Sm) ; Riverton IX, 20 (CG) ;
Shark River VII, 9, Westville VII, 5.

M. assimilis Fall. New Brunswick, Monmouth County VII (Sm) ; West-
ville IV, 9 (Jn).

MYOSPILA Rond.

M. meditabunda Fab. Westville VII, 21, Clementon V, 10.

Family ANTHOMYID/E.

The flies of this family so closely resemble those of the preceding that,
to the ordinary observer, they seem to be alike. Some of the species

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY.

789

come into houses at times and are not usually noticed as being different
from the common species.

In the larval stages the
habits differ. Many, perhaps
the most, are scavengers, as
are the muscids; a few are
parasitic, as are the Tachi-
nids; quite a number feed in
living vegetation, either in
roots, as the onion and cab-
bage maggot, or mine in
leaves, as in beets.

The root maggots are diffi-
cult to deal with, and not all
methods are equally useful in
all localities. Tobacco, helle-
bore, kainit, lime with car-
bolic acid or turpentine have
all been used as repellants or
destroyers with more or less Fig- 33°-
success.

Bisulphide of carbon injected into the soil has proved useful in some
cases, and so has a tarred card surrounding a plant and resting on the
surface. The farmer must usually learn by experience the particular
method most useful in his locality.

-Head and scraping hooks of
got, very much enlarged.

HYDROT/EA Desv.

H. dentipes Fab. Pemberton V, 10 (HJO-

H. armipes Fall. New Brunswick (Sm) ; Riverton V, 14, Avalon VII, 22

(Jn); Pemberton V, 10 (CG).
H. impexa Loew. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII.
H. metatarsata Stein. Clementon V, 3 (Hk).

OPHYRA Desv.

O. leucostoma Wied. Boonton VII, 19 (GG); New Brunswick VI, 1 (Sm);
Westville VII, 21 DaCosta VII, 19, Shiloh IX, 1.

HOMALOMYIA Bouche.

H. canicularis Linn. New Brunswick VII, Burlington Co. (Sm) ; Delair

III, 1, bred from nest of "Vespa germanica" (Dke).
H. scalaris Fab. Del. Water Gap VII (Jn) ; New Brunswick (Sm).
H. incisurata Zell. Shark River VII, 12.
H. fasciculata Loetv. Delaware Water Gap VII.

790 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

H. manicata Meig. (acra Walk.) Caldwell (Cr) ; Lucaston IX, 2 (Dke).
H. fuscula Fall. Forest Hill VIII (Wdt).

HYETODESIA Rond.
H. houghii Stein. Del. Water Gap VII, 11, Woodbury VI, 7.
H. leucorum Fall, (pylone Walk.) Del. Water Gap VII, 8, Clementon V,

16 (Jn); Merchantville V, 26, VI, 4 (Dke).
H. errans Meig. Delaware Water Gap VII, 14.
H. serva Meig. Delaware Water Gap VII, 12, 14.
H. rufitibia Stein. Cape May IX, 21 (Dke).
H. pallidula Coq. Delaware Water Gap VII, 12.

H. pruinosa Macq. Woodbury VI, 7 (Jn) ; Manumuskin X, 8 (Dke).
H. umbratica Meig. Forest Hill VI (Wdt).
H. proxima V. d. Wulp. Newark V (Wdt).
H. varipes Coq. lona IX, 12 (CG).

LASIOPS Meig.
L. cunctans Meig. Newark V (Wdt).

MYD/CA Desv.
M. obscuripennis Stein. Clementon IV, 25 (Hk).

SPILOGASTER Macq.

S. pagana Fab. Del. Water Gap VII, 14, Newark VI, 16, Merchantville VI,

21, Westville VII, 21.

S. fusca Stein. Atco VI, 6.

S. abiens Stein. Delaware Water Gap VII, 11.

S. lysinoe Walk, (amoeba Stein.) Rivei^ton V, 29.

S. humeralis Zett. Westville VI, 6 ( Jn) ; Merchantville V, 26 (Dke).

S. urbana Meig. Del. Water Gap VII, 4 (Jn) ; Orange Mts. VII, 1 (Wdt).

S. demigrans Zett. Atco VI, 6.

S. obscurinervis Stein. New Brunswick VI, 1 (Sm); Brown's Mills V, 21

(Dke).

S. socialis Stein. Orange Mts. V (Wdt); Trenton VII, 4 (Hk).

S. crepuscularis Stein. Del. Water Gap VII, 8, Westville VIII, 14.

S. diruta Stein. Princeton VII, 21, Shiloh IX, 1.

S. uniseta Stein. Malaga IX, 15 (Hk).

LIMNOPHORA Desv.
L. aequifrons Stein. New Brunswick (Sm).

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 791

L. narona Walk, (cyrtoneurina Stein.) Toms River IX, 22 (Dke) ; Sea

Isle City VII, 22 (Jn) ; Anglesea VII, 12 (Coll).
L. arcuata Stein. Riverton IX, 29, Manumuskin X, 8 (Dke).
L. discreta Stein. Liicaston IX, 28 (Dke).

ANTHOMYIA Meigen.

A. pluvialis Linn. Great Notch V, 5 (Dke) ; New Brunswick VIII, 5
(Coll); Trenton VIII, 11 (Hk).

A. albicincta Fall. Jamesburg. Farmingdale VII, 14, Atco IX, 9.

A. radicum Linn. This is the radish maggot, and often decidedly trouble-
some.

A. pratincola Panz. Jamesburg VII, 4 (Hk) ; Atco VII, 9 (Li); lona V, 24
(Dke); Lahaway VIII, 1 (Sm).

A. latitarsis Zett. Del. Water Gap VIII, 15 (Jn); Manumuskin X, 20
(Dke).

HYDROPHOBIA Desv.
H. ambigua Fall. Fort Lee VII, 4 (Dke).
H. divisa Meig. DaCosta VII, 30 (Dke).

HYLEMYIA Desv.

H. lipsia Walk. Del. Water Gap VII, 12, Dover VI, 18 ( Jn) ; Ft. Lee VII,
4 (Dke) ; Woodbury V, 14, Clementon V, 30, lona VI, 8, Avalon VII, 29
(Jn).

HAMMOMYIA Rond.
H. unilineata Zett. Trenton IV, 16 (Coll).

EUSTALOMYIA Kow.

E. vittipes Zett. Del. Water Gap VII, 8 (Jn) ; National Park V, 20 (Dke) ;
lona IX, 12 (CG).

EREMOMYIA Stein.
E. cylindrica Stein. Riverton X, 12 (Jn).

PHORBIA Desv. (CHORTOPHILA Rond.)

P. fusciceps Zett. (cilicrLira Rond.) Palisades IV, 4, Highlands VII, 11
(Lv); Jamesburg Vil, 4, Riverton IX, 25, Westville VII, 2 (Jn) ; Bur-
lington Co. V, Cumberland Co. (Sm). A general feeder in roots of
cabbage, raddish, onions, seed corn, etc., etc.

P. cinerella Fall. Newark V, New Brunswick (Sm).

P. laevis Stein. Riverton VII, 24.

792 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

brassicae Bouche. The

common cabbage mag-
got; occurs throughout
the State, some seasons
very abundantly.

cepetorum Mead. The

imported onion maggot,
often Injurious through-
out the State.

ceparum Meig. (antiqua
Schiner.) The common
onion maggot; often a
pest in South Jersey.

anane Walk. Newark VI,
16.

Fig. 331. — The cabbage maggot, Phorbia brassicar : a,
larva; b, pupa; c, adult: all enlarged.

PEGOMYIA Macq.

P. vicina Lintner. Richfield

VI, 7 (Coll); Farmingdale VII, 14, Westville VII, 21; this is one of
species mining the leaves of beets in the larval stage.

P. latitarsis Stein. Delaware Water Gap VII, 15.

P. unicolor Stein. Delaware Water Gap VII, 15.

CHIROSIA Rond.

C. capito Coq. Lucaston IX, 28, Hammonton IX, 6, Toms River IX, 22,
Manumuskin X, 21 (Dke).

HOPLOGASTER Rond.

H. nigritarsis Stein. Woodbury V, 14, Clementon V, 30, VIII, 11, Avalon
VII, 29.

TETRACHAETA Stein.
T. unica Stein. Avalon VIII, 8 (CG).

TETRAMERINX Berg.
T unica Stein. Atlantic City VII, 21 (Dke); Ocean City V, 7 (Jn).

PHYLLOGASTER Stein.
P. cordyluroides Stein. Avalon VII, 19 (Hk).

CARICEA Desv.

C. antica Walk. Ocean County V (Sm); Westville VII, 5, Anglesea VII,
19, Sea Isle City VII, 22.

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 793

CCENOSIA Meigen.
C. tibialis Stein. Anglesea IV, 26 (Sm).
C. nivea Loew. Del. Water Gap VII, 15, Atco VII, 12, Avalon VII. 29,

Anglesea VII, 19 (Jn) ; Lucaston IX, 23 (Dke).
C. calopyga Loew. Merchantville VI, 28 (Jn) ; Delair X, 19 (Dke).
C. ausoba Walk, (aurifrons Stein.) Passaic VI, 8, Westville V, 24,

Shiloh IX, 1 (Jn); Merchantville V, 26 (Dke).
C. lata Walk, (canescens Stein.) Riverton VI, VII (CG); Lucaston V.

28, IX, 12 (Dke); Clementon V, 10, Atlantic City VII, 15, Anglesea

VII, 19 (Jn).-
C. nudiseta Stein. Ft. Lee VII, 4, lona VI, 8 (Dke) ; Anglesea V, 28 (Sm).
C. triseta Stein. Orange Mts. V (Wdt) ; Jamesburg VII, 4.
C. sexnotata Meig. Pemberton V, 10 (Hk).
C. fuscopunctata Macq. New Brunswick VII (Sm).
C. flavicoxa Stein. Clementon V, 10 (CG).
C. antennalis Stein. Lucaston VIII, 27 (Dke).
C. hypopygialis Stein. Culver's Lake V, 29 (Coll); Delair VIII, 18 (Dke).

C. verna Fah. Lucaston V, 28 (Dke).

DEXIAPSIS Pok. (LISPOCEPHALA Stein.)

D. lacteipennis Zett. Delaware Water Gap VII, 15.

SCHCENOMYZA Haliday.

S. dorsaiis Loew. Ocean Co. V, Anglesea V. 28 (Sm); Mai)urauskin IX,

15 (Dke).
S. chrysostoma Loew. Shark River VII, 12, Riverton IV. 30.

LISPA Latr.

L. uliginosa Fall. Jamesburg VII, 4 (Jn); Pemberton VII, 8 (Hk); Da-
Costa VII, 20 (Dke).

L. albitarsis Stein. Trenton VIII, 11, Clementon X, 18 (Hk).

L. hispida. Walk. lona VI. 8, Lucaston IX, 28 (Dke).

L. consanguinea Loew. Brown's Mills X, 6 (Dke); Trenton, Clementon
X. 18 (Hk).

L. tentaculata DeGeer. Riverton XI, 28 (Jn) ; Trenton, Clementon X, 18
(Hk).

L. polita Coq. Clementon X, 18, Trenton (Hk).

L. sociabilis Loew. Trenton VIII, 5 (Hk).

L. palposa Walk. Trenton VIII, 21, Avalon VIII, 8 (Hk).

FUCELLIA Desv.

F. fucorum Fall. New Brunswick III, 27, Anglesea IV. 11 (Coll); River-
ton V, 1, Hainesport III, 26 (Dke); Clementon IV, 15 (Jn).

794 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.
Family SCATOPHACxID.^.

Resembles the Borboridaa and differentiated from it by characters
obvious to the specialist only. The larval habits are various, a number
occurring In stems of "Rumex," but they are not at any time economically
important.

CORDYLURA Fall.

C. confusa Loew. Newark VI (Wdt); Seaside Park V, 16 (Vk).

C. adusta Loew. Ft. Lee VII, 4 (Dke).

C. carbonaria Walk. Ashland V, 13 (Hk).

C. latifrons Loew. Shark River VII, 12, Westville V, Riverton VI, 19.

C. setosa Loew. "New Jersey" (A E S).

C. pleuritica Loew. Newark VI, 6, Clementon V, 12.

C. praeusta Loew. Westville VI, 12, Clementon V, 30.

C. gracilipes Loew. Del. Water Gap VII, 12, Woodbury V, 14, Clementon

V, 9 (Jn); Boonton VI, 2 (GG); Ashland V, 13 (Hk).
C. gilvipes Loew. Manumuskin IV, 2, National Park V, 6 (Dke).

PARALLELOMMA Becker.

P. varipes Walk, (bimaculata Loew.) Westville VII, 2, Clementon V, 30,
Buena Vista VI, 7.

PSELAPHEPHILA Becker.
P. similis Coq. Glassboro V, 19 (Hk).

HYDROMYZA Fallen.
H. confluens Loew. Boonton VIII (GG).

SCATOPHAGA Meig.

S. stercoraria Linn. Newark VI, 17, Avalon VI, 30, Anglesea V, 28 (Jn) ;

Camden IV, 18 (Kp).
S. furcata Say. New Brunswick IV, 20, Jamesburg IV, 8, V, 14 (Sm);

Camden IV, 18 (Kp).
S. pallida Wlk. Delaware Water Gap VII, 14.
S. cerea Coq. Orange Mts. V (Wdt).

Family HETEROXEURID^.

Small flies, with a large hemispherical head, the front broad and
bristly to the base of the antennas, which are short. Abdomen elongate,
narrow, somewhat compressed, wings broad and long, legs long. The
larvae are slender, cylindrical, and live in decaying wood,' under bark of
trees, etc.

J

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 795

HETERONEURA Fallen.
H. latitrons Loew. Dunnfield VII, S (Jn); Jamesburg VII, 15 (Sm).
H. albimana Meig. Delaware Water Gap VII, 12.
H. pictipes Zett. Riverton V, 14, Westville VI, 6.

H. melanostoma Loew. New Brunswick V, 28 (Sm) ; bred from decaying
wood, Atco (Dke).

CLUSIA Haliday.

C. lateralis Walk. (spectabilis Loew). Palisades, Jamesburg VII, 4

Anglesea V, 28 (Dke).
C. flava Meig. Ft. Lee IV (Lv) ; Jamesburg VII, 15 (Sm).

Family HELOMYZID^.

The species of this family have the abdomen long, broad and more or
less flattened, the male genitalia being somewhat prominent. The wings
are comparatively large and the costa is bristly. The larvge live in dung
of bats, rabbits, truffles, decaying wood, etc., and are not in any way
harmful.

HELOMYZA Fallen.
H. longipennis Loew. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 11. *

H. plumata Loew. Dunnfield VII, 11 (Jn); Boonton VI, 16 (GG).
H. quinquepunctata Say. Boonton VI, 16 (GG) ; Lucaston IX, 7 (Dke).

ALLOPHYLA Loew.
A. laevis Loew. Delaware Water Gap VII, 12.

ANOROSTOMA Loew.

A. marginata Loew. Clementon V, 30 (Hk); DaCosta VI, 3, Lucaston V
30, Brown's Mills VII, 4 (Dke).

TEPHROCHLAMYS Loew.
T. rufiventris Meig. Orange Mts. VII (Wdt).

LERIA Desv.

L. pectlnata Loew. Merchantville VII, 15 (Dke); Sea Isle City VII, 22.
L. pubescens Loew. Forest Hill IV (Wdt) ; Clementon V.
L. tristls Loew. Newark VI.
L. defessa O. S. Forest Hill IV (Wdt).

L. helvola Loew. (Scoliocentra) Dunnfield VII, 14, Newark VI, 13 (Jn) ;
Boonton VI, 16 (GG).

796 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.
Family BORBORID.E.

Medium to small black, brown or yellowish flies, having a short, quick
flight. They are almost invariably found about decomposing organic
matter, and often hover in clouds about dung or sewage, where their
larvae live.

LIMOSINA Macq.

L. limosa Meig. Culver's Lake V, 29, New Brunswick VII, Ocean Co. V
(Coll).

BORBORUS Meigen.

B. equinus Fall. Culver's Lake V, 29 (Coll); Newark VI, 16, AVestville

V, 19 (Jn); Riverton IV, 8 (Dke).
B. geniculatus Meig. Boonton III, 3 (CG); Merchantville XI, 16 (Dke).

SPH/EROCERA Latr.

S. subsultans Fab. Culver's Lake V, 30, Newark (Coll); Woodbury V,
14 (Jn).

Family SCIOMYZID.^.

Head rounded, short, as broad or broader than the thorax, face retreat-
ing, abdomen long and narrow. Legs and wings long, the latter exceed-
ing the abdomen. The flies occur along the banks of streams in which
the larv£e live, and the wings are often ornamented. None are harmful
in any way.

SCIOMYZA Fallen.

S. nana Fallen. Trenton VIII. 21 (Hk) ; Riverton IX. 1, Camden VIII, 2i

(Jn); Cape May IX, 21 (Dke).
S. obtusa Fallen. Trenton VIII, 21 (Hk) ; Westville V, 19.
S. pubera Loew. Trenton VIII, 21 (Hk) ; Riverton IX, 29.
S. apicata Loew. Trenton V, 24 (Hk).
S. humilis Loew. Trenton VIII, 19 (Hk).

DRYOMYZA Fallen.
D. simplex Loew. Dunufield VII, 14, Dover VI, 18.

NEUROCTENA Rond.
N. anil is Fall. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII. 12.

TETANOCERA Latr.

T. arcuata Loew. Chester VIII, 7 (Coll); Dover VI, 18, Merchantville VI,
28.

^'/k^^y

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 797

T. flavescens Loew. Del. Water Gap VII, 8, 15, Morris Plains VI, 25,
Westville VII, 12 (.Jn) ; Merchantville VI, 26 (Dke).

T. combinata Loew. Elizabeth VII, 24 (Kp) ; Westville V, 19, Lenola V,
30, Woodbury VI. 7 (Jn); Pemberton VII, 18 (Hk); Anglesea V, 28
(Dke).

T. lineata Say. Newark, salt meadow IX (Wdt), X, 30 (Sm).

T. sparsa Loew. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 15.

T. pallida Loew. Dunnfield VII, 8, Atco VII, 9 (Jn) ; Chester VIII, 7
(Coll); Camden VI, 6 (Kp).

T. umbrarum Loew. (pictipes Loew.) Dunnfield VII, 15, Westville V,
19. Lenola V, 30 (Jn); Pemberton VII, 8 (Hk) ; Cape May IX, 21
(Dke).

T. saratogensis Fitch. Chester IX, 1, Paterson VI, 7 (Col)'. ; Pemberton
VII, 8 (Hk); Atco VII, 9, Mullica Hill V, 30. Anglesea VII, 25.

T. Clara Loew. New Hope VII, 10 (Hk); Dunnfield VII, 8, Merchant-
ville VI, 28, Atco VI, 17, Clementon VIII, 9.

T. plebeja Loew. Boonton VI, 19 (GG) ; Culver's Lake V, 29 (Sm);
Dunnfield VII. 8, Westville VIII, 28, Woodbury VI, 7.

T. plumosa Loew. Jamesburg VIII, 10 (Sm); Trenton IX, 7, Ashland VI,

22 (Hk); Lenola V, 30, Atlantic City VIII (Jn).
T. canadensis Macq. Ashland VI, 22 (Hk).

SEPEDON Latr.

S. armipes Loew. Westville V, 19, Lenola V, 30 (.Jn) ; Pem.berton VII, 8

(Hk).

S. pusillus Loew. Westville V, 19, VII, 21 (.Jn); Ashland VII, 16, Pem-
berton IX, 7 (Hk).
S. fuscipennis Loew. Trenton VII, 5 (Hk); Westville IV, 19, V, 19, VIII,

23 (Jn); DaCosta VII, 17 (Dke); Clementon V, 1 (CG).

Family SAPROMYZID/E.

Small species, the head as broad or broader than the thorax, antennae
short and porrect, legs never elongate. The ovipositor is not horny bvit
ends tube-like. The larvae are slender and live in decaying vegetation.

LONCHy^A Fallen.

L. rufitarsis Macq. Palisades VI (Lv) : larvjB and pupge at Riverton in
decayed wood IV, 3, imagoes IV, 16, Atco VII, 7 (Jn) ; Lahaway VII,
5 (Sm). ■«

L. polita Say. Clementon X, 10 (CG).

PALLOPTERA Fallen.
P. superba Loew. Forest Hill VII, Orange Mts. VIII (Wdt?-

798 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

CAMPTOPROSOPELLA Hendel.

C. vulgaris Fitch. (Pachycerina verticalis) Chester IX, 2 (Coll); Tren-
ton IX, 7, Clementon V, 30 (Hk) ; Jamesburg VII, 4, Merchantville

VI, 28, Anglesea VII, 19.

LAUXANIA Latr.
L. obscura Loew. Culver's Lake V, 29 (Sm); Dover VI, 17, Jamesburg

VII, 4, Mullica Hill, Clementon V, 30.

L. gracilipes Loew. Palisades VII, 26 (Lv); Del. Water Gap VII, 11,
Lenola VIII, 7, Clementon VIII, 11 (Jn).

L. cylindricornis Fab. Trenton V, 21 (Hk) ; Ocean Co. V (Sm) ; Clem-
enton V, 30.

L. latipennis Coq. Buena Vista VI, 7 (Li); Egg Harbor VII, 10 (Sm).

L. opaca Loew. Buena Vista VI, 8 (Li); Avalon VI, 9.

L. muscaria Loew. Merchantville VI, 28, Avalon VI, 8.

SAPROMYZA Fallen.
S. decora Loew. Pemberton VIH, 8 (Hk) ; South Camden VI, 6 (Li).
S. compedita Loew. Jamesburg VII, 4, Atco VI, 4 (Jn) ; Anglesea V, 28
(Sm).

S. philadelphica Macq. New Brunswick VII, 20, Jamesburg VII, 15 (Sm) ;
Cramer Hill VL 10 (CG); Anglesea V, 28 (W).

S. fraterna Loew. Chester VII, 5 (Coll) ; Merchantville VI, 28.

S. umbrosa Loew. Lahaway VI, 21 (Sm) ; Atco VI, 17, Merchantville VI,
28, Anglesea VII, 10.

S. macula Loew. New Brunswick VII, 1 (Sm) ; Atco VII, 7, Westville V,
19, Cape May VIII, 20.

S. bispina Loew. Trenton VI, 3, Jamesburg VII, Anglesea VII (Coll).

S. quadrilineata Loew. Trenton V, 20, Glassboro V, 19 (Hk) ; James-
burg VII, 4, Merchantville VI, 28, Clementon V, 30.

S. lupulina Fab. Boonton VI, 6, (GG) ; Middlesex County VII, 7 (Sm) ;
Trenton V, 21, Lucaston IX, 9, Ashland V, 13 (Hk) ; Jamesburg VII,
4, Clementon V, 30 (Jn).

S. longipennis Meig. Clementon V, 10.

S. innuba Giglio-Tos. Riverton VI, 20.

S. houghii Coq. Atco VII, 12, Egg Harbor VH, 10 (Coll).

S. connexa Say. Merchantville V, 26, National Park VI, 10 (Dke).

S. magna Coq. Anglesea V, 28 (Dke).

S. rotundicornis Loew. Malaga VI, 1 (Dke).

Family ORTALID/E.

Small or medium-sized flies, often with metallic colors, the wings
banded with brown or black. Head of good size, front broad, legs stout
and only moderately long. The larval stages are not well known.

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY

799

PYRGOTA Wied.

P. undata Wied. Caldwell (Cr) ; Orange Mts., Woodbury V, 22 (CG);

Atco VI, 19 (Nell); Clementon VI, 5 (Dke).
P. valida Harris. Caldwell V, 16 (Cr); Westville V, 18, VII, 12 (div).

AMPHICNEPHES Loew.

A. puila Wied. (pertusus Lw.) Newark VI, 16, Jamesburg VII, 4, Atco
VI, 4, Buena Vista VI, 11, DaCosta VII, 30 (Jn); Wenonah VI, 14
(Dke); Egg Harbor VII, 10 (Coll).

RIVELLIA Desv.

R. conjuncta Loew. Jamesburg VII, 4, Atco VII, 12 (Jn) ; Buena Vista

VI, 14 (Li); Malaga VH, 20, Anglesea V, 28 (W).
R. viridulans Desv. Throughout the State V-VIII, common.
R. quadrifasciata Macq. New Brunswick VII, 30 (Sm) ; Jamesburg VII,

15, Westville VI, 26, Clementon V, 30, VIII, 8 (Jn) ; Anglesea V, 28

(W).
R. flavimana Loew. Westville V, 19 (Jn) ; Clementon V, 30 (Hk).
R. variabilis Loew. Avalon VII, 29 (Jn); Anglesea V, 28, VII, 19 (div).
R. pallida Loew. Boonton VII, 10 (GG) ; Newark VI, 13 (Jn) ; Ocean Co.

V (Sm); Anglesea VI, 11 (Hk).
R. brevifasciata Johns. Atco VI, 18 (Jn); Lacy VII, 14 (Dke).
R. boscii Desv. Trenton V, 21 (Hk).

TRITOXA Loew.

T. flexa Wied. Westville
VIII, 23, Woodbury VI,
7, Atco VI, 18 (Jn);
Malaga IX, 15 (CG) ;
Lucaston IX, 9 (Hk).

T. incurva Loew. Cald-
well (Cr).

CAMPTONEURA Macq.

C. picta Fab. Throughout
the State VI-X, com-
mon.

IDANA Loew

I. marginata Say. "New Jersey" (A E S).

I'ig- 33-

-The

juion fly. TriUi.va fiexa and its
larva : enlarged.

TEPHRONOTA Loew.

T. narytia Walk, (humilis Loew.) Jamesburg Vn, 4, Atco VII, 9. Buena
Vista VI, 11 (Jn); Belleplain IX, 8, Brown's Mills VII, 5 (Dke).

8oo REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

TETANOPS Loew.

T. luridipennis Loew. Camden VII, 24 24 (DaCosta VII, 30, Clementon
VII, 8, VIII, 9 (Jn); Glassboro VII, 5 (CG).

CALLOPISTROMYIA Hendel. (CALLOPISTRIA Loew.)

C. annulipes Macq. Boonton VII, IS (GG) ; Merchantville VIII, 1 (Dke).

PSEUDOTEPHRITIS Johns. (STICTOCEPHALA Loew.)

P. vau Say. Boonton VIII, 12 (GG) ; Westville VII, 21 (Jn); National

Park V, 20 (Dke); Prospertown IX, 25 (Sm).
P. corticalis Loew. New Brunswick V, 18 (Sm); Riverton IV, 22.

CHRYSOMYZA Fallen.

C. demandata Fab. Bloomfielcl IX (Welt) ; New Brunswick X, 18 (Sm) ;
Riverton IX, 9, X, 20 (Jn).

EUXESTA Loew.

E. notata Wied. Riverton V, 29, VIII, 21, Westville VI, 27 (Jn) ; Glass-
boro V, 19 (CG) ; Cumberland Co., bred from onions (Sm).

E. scoriacea Loew. Lacy V, 27 (Dke); Sea Isle City VII, 22, Two-Mile
Beach VII, 22 (Jn).

CH/ETOPSIS Loew.

C. aenea Wied. New Brunswick (Sm); Trenton V, 21 (Hk) ; Pemberton V,

10 (CG) ; Lenola V, 30, Anglesea VII, 16, Cape May VL 14.
C. apicaiis Johns. Avalon VI, 9, Sea Isle VII, 22, Anglesea VH, 16.

SEOPTERA Loew.

S. vibrans Linn. Caldwell (Cr) ; New Brunswick VI, 4, Egg Harbor VII,

10 (Coll); Newbold VI, 30 (Dke).
S. colon Loew. New Jersey.

STENOMYIA Loew.

S. tenuis Loew. Atco VI, 4, 18, Buena Vista VI, 11, DaCosta VII, 30,
Clementon VIII, 6.

EUMETOPIA JVlacq.

E. rufipes Macq. Trenton VII, 7, Pemberton VII, 8 (Hk) ; Camden VIII, 24,
Westville VII, 4, 21.

SEPSISOMA Johns.

S. flavescens Johns. Trenton VII, 3 (Hk) ; Westville VIII, 19 (Jn);
Wenonah Yl, 14 (Dke).

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 8oi

Family TRYPETID/E.

The "peacock flies,"' so called because of their habit of elevating the
wings and strutting about, peacock like. These wings are often prettily
marked and spotted with black or brown. In the female the abdomen
is often prolonged into a horny ovipositor. The flies are gracefully built,
fly slowly and are noticeable by keeping their wings in constant motion.
Most of the members of the series feed in plant tissue of some kind,
either in leaves, in stems or in fruits, and a number of them are gall-
makers. The only species of economic Importance in this State is the
"Apple maggot," which injures some of the early summer varieties. The
only remedial measure is the prompt removal and disposal of all fruit
from trees known to be infested.

STRAUSSiA Desv.

S. longipennis Wied. Boonton VII, 24 (GG) ; Caldwell (Cr); Ft. Lee
(Bt), Orange Mts., Elizabeth V, 21, Camden V, 26 (Kp).

ACIDIA Desv.
A. fratria Lcew. Trenton V, 31 (Hk); Riverton V, 20 (CG).

SPILOGRAPHA Loew.
Z. flavonotata Macq. Glassboro VII 6 (CG).

TRYPETA Loew.

T. palposa Loew. Avalon VI, 8, on thistle (Jn) ; Anglesea V, 28 (W).

PLAGIOTOMA Loew.
P. obliqua Say. New Jersey (Bt) ; Clementon VIII, G (Jn).

CEDASPIS Loew.

O. atra Loew. Lucaston IX, 9, Ashland VI, 23 (Hk) ; Riverton VI, 18,
Avalon VI, 8, Cape May VI, 14 (Jn) ; Belleplain IX, 16 • Dke) ; Angle-
sea V, VI (div).

O. polita Loew. Generally distributed; forms a gall on Solidago (Bt).

RHAGOLETIS Loew.
R. cingulata Loew. Atl. Highlands VII, 11 (Lv) ; Long Branch VII (OS).
R. tabellaria Fitch. Caldwell (Cr) ; Jaraesburg VII, 4 (Jn); Buena
Vista VII, 10 (Li).

51 IN

8o2 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

Fig- 333- — Apple maggot, Rhagoletis pomonella: a, adult; b,

larva; c, spiracle of larva; d, puparium; e, apple,

showing injury by larva: all enlarged.

R. pomonella Walsh. Montclair ; the apple maggot, locally Injurious but
seems confined to a very few varieties (Sm); Weymouth VIII, 8,
DaCosta VIII, 16, bred from huckleberries (Dke).

EUTRETA Loew.

E. sparsa Loew. Caldwell (Cr); Jamesburg VII (Dke); Trenton VI, 27,
VIII, 26 (Hk).

EUROSTA Loew.

E. comma Wied. Chester (Dn) ; Trenton IX, 7, Clementon IX, 5 (Hk) ;

Glassboro IX, 19 (CG).
E. solidaginis Fitch. Ft Lee (Bt) ; Trenton V, 21 (Hk) ; Clementon V,

10.
E. conspurcata Doane. "New Jersey" (Doane).

NEASPILOTA O. S.
N. alba Loew. Lenola VIII, 7, Clementon VIII, 6; on ironweed.
N. albidipennis Loew. Ashland VII, 16 (Hk) ; Lenola VIII, 7, Westville

VIII, 14, Clementon VIII, 6; on ironweed.
N. vernonias Loew. Westville VIII, 16, Clementon VIII, 6, Lenola VIII,

7; on ironweed.
N. achilieae Johns. Avalon VI, 30; on. yarrow "Achillea millefolium."

ICTERICA Loew.
I. circinata Loew. Trenton VIII, 21 (Hk) ; Westville VIII, 23, IX, 13.
I. seriata Loew. Forest Hill VIII (Wdt) ; Trenton VH, Clementon VIII,
23 (Hk).

TEPHRITIS Latr.

T. geminata Loew. Jamesburg VII, 4, Atco VII, 12 (Jn) ; Riverton VII.
3, Egg Harbor VII, 10 (Coll); Pemberton VH, 11 (CG).

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 803

T. picturata Snow. Avalon VII, 8 (Hk).

T. albiceps Loew. Caldwell (Cr); "New Jersey" (Bt).

T. clathrata Loew. Riverton VII, 19.

T. platyptera Loew. Merchantville V, 26 (Dke) ; Clementon V, 30 (Hk).

T. fucata Fab. Wlldwood VIII, 12, Cape May VIII, 1 (Vk).

EUARESTA Loew.

E. bella Fitch. Caldwell (Cr) ; New Brunswick VII, 20 (Sin); James-
burg VII, 4, Atco VII, 9, Clementon VI, 8 (Jn).

E. festiva Loew. Trenton IX, 7 (Hk); Westville VIII, 13, 28.

E. aequalis Loew. Trenton IX, 7 (Hk) ; Lucaston X, 15 (Dke); West-
ville VIII, 28 on "Ambrosia artemisisefolia," Anglesea IX, 1.

E. subpura Johns. Wildwood VIII ( Jn) ; Anglesea VIII (Sm).

URELLIA Desv.

U. abstersa Loew. Riverton VII, 18 (div) ; Avalon VII, 22 (Jn); Angle-
sea IX, 5 (Dke).

U. mevarna Walk. (Solaris Loew.) Penbryn VIII, 2 (Dke); Egg Har-
bor VII, 10 (Coll); Cape May VI, 22.

Family AlICROPEZID.^.

Flies slender or very slender, with large wings and long legs, antennae
variable, face retreating in profile. The larval habits are not definitely
known.

CALOBATA Meigen.

C. antennipes Say. Dunnfield VII, 8, Princeton VII, 21, Janiesburg VII,
4 (Jn); Collingswood VII, 17 (CG).

C. lasciva Fab. Orange Mts. VII (Wdt) ; Atlantic City VII (Jn) ; Angle-
sea (W).

C. univitta Walk. Princeton VH, 21 (Jn) ; Cramer Hill V, 30 (CG).

C. alesia Walk. New Jersey V (A E S).

Family SEPSID.^.

"The flies belonging to this family are usually small, black and
elongated, with the abdomen narrowed at the base, thickened and curved
downward toward the extremity; with transparent, iridescent wing,
usually hyaline, but often with a spot or spots toward the end, and are
usually observed about decaying vegetables, excrement, cheese, ham,
etc., often in swarms. The flies, for the greater part, run about actively,
and are quick in flight. The best known are the species of 'Piophilji,'
the larvae of which are known as 'cheese-mites.' These larvae live in

8o4 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

cheese, in ham or bacon, or, in general, in any fatty material, and often
do much damage, being especially troublesome in pork-packing establish-
ments. From the peculiar power of leaping possessed by the maggots
they are often called 'skippers'; the act is performed by the larva seiz-
ing with its extended mouth booklets the edge of the posterior truncature
of the body and then suddenly releasing it while pulling hard." — Willis-
ton.

PROCHYLIZA Walk.

P. xanthostoma Walk. Riverton IV, 9, X, 9 (Jn) ; Cape May IX, 21
(Dke).

SEPSIS Fallen.

S. violacea Meig. New Brunswick VII, 20, Jamesburg VII, 15. Ocean Co.
V (Sm); Trenton VII, 6 (Hk).

NEMOPODA Desv.

N. cylindrica Fab. Dover VI,

17, Morris Plains VI, 25,
Riverton IX, 17, Trenton V,
20 (Hk).

N. minuta Wied. Chester IX,

2 (Coll); Newark VI, 14,
Riverton VII, 3.

PIOPHILA Fallen.

P. case! Linn. This is the
cheese mite or skipper, and

occurs everywhere. Piofihi/a casn, parent o{ " skippers" in cheese,

etc.

P. nlgriceps Meig. Pemberton Fig. 334.

V, 10 (CG).

Family PSILID^.

Slender flies of moderate size, with large wings, long legs and at least
moderately long antennfB. The larvae, so far as known, live in roots or
galls.

LOXOCERA Meigen.

L. cylindrica Say. Del. Water Gap VII, 12, Camden VI, 10, Woodbury

VI, 7, Clementon V, 30, Mullica Hill ( Jn) ; Trenton VII, 11 (Hk).
L. pectoralis Loew. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 11.
L. pleuritica Loew. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 12.

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 805

CHYLIZA Fallen.
C. notata Loew. Caldwell (Cr).

C. apicalis Loew. Riverton VII, 2 (Jn) ; Merchantville VI, 4 (Dke).

PSILA Meigen.
P. bivlttata Loew. Clementon, Lenola V, 30.
P. collaris Loew. Newark VI, 13, Atco VI, 4 (Jn); Clementon VI, 7

(Li); Brown's Mills VI, 9 (Dke).
P. lateralis Loew. Trenton V, 20 (Hk) ; Riverton VI, 20.

Family DIOPSID^.

Our only species belonging to this family is easily recognized by the
two lateral horns or pi'ocesses from the side of the head upon which
the eyes are situated. It occurs on skunk cabbage.

SPHYRACEPHALA Say.
S. brevicornis Say. Newark V (Wdt) ; Riverton IV, 14 (Jn) ; Clementon
V, 5 (Hk); Wenonah V, 30 (Dke).

Family EPHYDRID^.

"The flies of this family are never large, often small or even minute.
The greater number of the species are inhabitants of wet places, about
marshy ground, meadows, etc. They are always thinly pilose or bare
species, and never with bright colors. The exceedingly large head and
mouth of some species are very characteristic, but in others this char-
acter is not so apparent, and there is sometimes difficulty in separating
the genera from those of the 'Drosophilidae.' The larvge of many forms
are very peculiar, resembling the rat-tailed larvse of the 'Syrphidae' in
many cases." — Williston.

In New Jersey the species are not notably abundant; but they occur
in countless millions in the great salt lake in Utah, and in other alkaline
lakes and ponds of the northwestern desert region.

DiCH/ETA Meigen.

D. brevicauda Loew. Clementon V, 5 (CG) ; Ocean County V (Sm).
D. caudata Fall. Riverton IV, 8 (Dke); :\Ianahawkin IX, 5 (Hk).

NOTIPHILA Fallen.
N. carinata Loew. Cape May VI, 22.
N. scalaris Loew. Shark River VII, 12 (Jn) ; Clementon V, 30 (Hk);

Bridgeport V, 20 (Dke).
N. vittata Loew. Woodbury VI, 7.
N. bella Loew. Westville VI, 15.

8o6 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

PARALIMNA Loew.

P. appendiculata Loew. Riverton IX, 11, Westville V, 19, Cumberland

Co. IX, 1 (Jn); Ashland V, 13 (Hk).
P. decipiens Loew. Trenton VIII, 19 (Hk).

PSILOPA Fallen.
P. atrimana Loew. Riverton X, 9.
P. scoriacea Loew. Delaware Water Gap VII, 13 (Jn) ; Trenton VIII, 23

(Hk).
P. aciculata Loew. Avalon VIII, 8 (Hk).
P. fulvipennis Hine. Cape May VII, 1 (Vk).
P. flavida Coq. Avon IX, 27 (Hk).

GASTROPS Will.
G. nebulosus Coq. Trenton VIII, 21 (Hk); Clementon V, 5 (CG).

ILYTHEA Haliday.
I. spilota Curtis. Riverton IX, 17.

DISCOCERINA Macq.
D. lacteipennis Loew. Cape May VI, 14.
D. magna Ooq. Riverton VIII, 17.
D. parva Loew. Ashland V, 13 (Hk).
D. simplex Loew. Trenton VIII, 23, Manahawkin IX, 5 (Hk).

HYDRELLIA Desv.

H. scapularis Loew. Trenton VII, 21 (Hk) ; Riverton IX, 19 (Jn) ; Man-
ahawkin IX, 5.
H. vaiida Loew. Cape May VI, 4 (Vk).
H. hypoieuca Loew. Trenton VIII, 21 (Hk) ; Avon IX, 27.
H. crural is Coq. Riverton IX, 19 (Hk).

PELINA Haliday.
P. brevis Walk. Ashland VI, 22 (Hk).

HYADINA Halid.
H. rufipes Meig. Trenton VIII, 23 (Hk).

OCHTHERA Latr.

O. mantis DeGeer. Camden VII, 1 (Kp); Clementon V, 30 (Jn); Angle-
sea VIII, 5 (Hk); Cape May IX, 21 (Dke).

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 807

BRACHYDEUTERA Loew.

B. argentata Walk. Riverton VIII, 3 (Jn) ; Cape May VIII, 20 (Vk).

PARYDRA Stenhammer.
P. bituberculata Loew. Diinnfield VII, 15 (Jn); Riverton IV, 26 (CG).
P. pinguis Walk. Shark River VII, 12.
P. quadrituberculata Loew. Manaliawkin IX, 5 (Hk) ; Cape May VI, 4

(Vk).
P. imitans Loew. Near Anglesea Junction VI, 25 (Vk).
P. breviceps Loew. Manahawkin IX, 5 (Hk).

EPHYDRA Fallen.

E. subopaca Loew. Long Branch VI, 12, Ocean City V, 7, Wildwood VII,

12 (Jn); Cape May (Dke).
E. nana Walk. Cramer Hill VIII, 24, Riverton X, 9.

SCATELLA Desv.

S. stagnalis Meig. Newark XII, 7 (Wdt) ; Trenton VIII, 23 (Hk) ; lona

IX, 12 (CG); Avalon VII, 22.
S. flavillacea Loew. Cape May VI, 14.
S. oscitans Walk. Clementon V, 14 (CG).
S. calloslcosta Cress. Seaside Park V, 16 (Vk).
S. lugens Loew. Riverton X, 9.

C/tNIA Desv.

S. spinosa Loew. Trenton VIII, 21 (Hk); Ocean Co. V (Sra); Anglesea
VII, 19, Cape May VI, 22.

C. fumosa Sten. Cape May IX, 17, at light (Vk).

CANACE Haliday.
C. snodgrassii Coq. Atlantic City V, 6.

LIPOCH/CTA Coq.

L. slossonas Coq. Anglesea VII, 19, Cape May VI, 6.

Family OSCINID.E.

The "frit flies." They are small, bare species, with hemispherical
head, flat front, short antennae, short wings and ovate or elliptical abdo-
men. The legs are short and moderately stout. They are often colored
or banded, and are common in grass and meadow lands. The larvae live
in the stems of grasses of all kinds, and may become locally injurious.

8o8 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

Fig- 335- — Mcromysa americana, the stem maggot fly.

MEROMYZA Meigen.
M. americana Fitch. In-
fests wheat and other
grasses; common
throughout the State
V-VIII, but thus far
not injurious.

CH LOR OPS Meigen.

C. versicolor LfOew. New
Brunswick, Anglesea
V, 28 (Sm); James-
burg VII, 4, Atco VII,
9 (Jn) ; Clementon V-
VIII (div).

C. nigripes Coq. Trenton VIII, 21, Manahawkin IX, 5 (Hk).

C. crocota Loew. Newarlt V (Wdt) ; Clementon VIII, 6.

C. rufescens Coq. Trenton VIII, 21, Riverton VII, 18 (Hk).

C. sulphurea Loew. Trenton V, 20, Ashland VII, 15, Clementon V, 30
(Hk); Atco VI, 4, VII, 9.

C. confluens Loew. Trenton VIII, 19 (Hk).

C. grata Loew. Del. Water Gap VII, 12, Princeton VII, 21.

C. assimilis Macq. Newark, Ocean Co. V (Sm) ; Trenton V, 20, Ashland
V, 13 (HJv); Riverton X, 9, Princeton VII, 21, Clementon V, 9, Angle-
sea VII.

C. subnigra Coq. Manahawkin IX, 5 (Hk).

C. procera Loew. Del. Water Gap VII, 11, Asbury Park VIII, 16, Clemen-
ton VIII, 8.

C. eucera Loew. Jamesburg VII, 4.

C. unicolor Loew. Trenton V, 20 (Hk); Princeton VII, 21, Riverton V,
14, Westville VII, 12, DaCosta VII, 30.

C. variceps Loew. Ocean Co. V (Sm).

C. obscuricornis Loew. Atco VI, 4, 18.

C. melanccera Loew. Riverton V, 14 (Jn) ;
30 (Hk).

C proxima Say. Trenton V, 20, lona V,
Brown's Mills V, 21 (Dke).

C. pulverea Coq. Merchantville V, 26 (Dke)

Ashland V, 13, Clementon V,
16 (Hk); Lucaston V, 28,

HIPPELATES Loew.
H. plebejus Loew. DaCosta VI, 4 (Dke); Clementon V, 12. VIII, 8, Ava-

lon VI, 9 (Jn); Anglesea V, 28 (Sm).
H. nobilis Loew. Shark River VII, 12, Avalon VI, 9, 30.
H. flavipes Loew. Shark River VII, 12, Riverton IX, 11 ( Jn) ; Laurel

Springs VI, 13, Brown's Mills VII, 1 (Dke).

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 809

H. pusio Loew. Riverton V, 14, X, 9 (Jn) ; Trenton VIII, 23, Ashland V,
13 (Hk).

H. plumbellus Wied. Riverton V, 14.

H. bicolor Coq. New Brunswick VII (Sm).

H. stramineus Loew. Riverton IX, 11 (Jn) ; Lakehurst VII. 7 (Coll).

H. microcentrus Coq. Mt. Holly III, 17, Brown's Mills VI, (Dke) ; Ash-
land VI, 22 (Hk); Anglesea V, 28 (div).

ELACHIPTERA Macq.
E. eunota Loew. Trenton VH, 5 (Hk) ; Avalon VI, 30.
E. nigriceps Loew. Shark River VII, 12, Riverton VII, 3, Clementon V,

30; bred from Lotus infested by "Pyrausta nelumbialis" VII, 13.
E. costata Loew. New Brunswick VII, 20. Ocean Co. V (Sm); Princeton

VII, 21 (Jn); Merchantville XI, 16 (Dke).
E. formosa Loew. Riverton IX, 8.
E. longuia Loew. Clementon VI, 3.

MOSILLUS Latr.
M. aeneus Fall. Avon IX, 27 (Hk).

SIPHONELLA Macq.

S. cinerea Loew. Riverton X, 9, Cramer Hill VIII, 24 (Jn) ; Ashland

VII, ]5 (Hk); Brown's Mills IX, 16 (Dke).
S. pumilionis Bjerk. Riverton VII, 3.
S. inquilina Coq. Mauumuskin X, 8 (Dke); Clementon X, 3, lona IX, 12

(CG); Manahawkin IX, 15 (Hk).

OSCINIS Latr.
O. carbonaria Loew. Ocean Co. V (Sm); Avon IX, 27 (Hk).
O. trigramma Loew. Shark River VII, 12 ( Jn) ; Lucaston IX, 15 (Dke);

Anglesea V, 28 (Sm).
O. coxendix Fitch. Riverton X, 9 ( Jn) ; Lucaston IV, 4 (Dke); Avon IX,

27 (Hk).
O. soror Macq. Riverton IV, 8 (Dke); Ocean Co. V (Sm).

Family DROSOPHILID.^.

The species in this family are small, plump, without pile, the bristles of
the head and legs conspicuous. Abdomen usually short and broad, geni-
talia not prominent, colors tending to yellow. They are often abundant
about decomposing or fermenting fruit, about cider-mills, wine-presses,
etc., whence they are called "pomace flies." The larvae live in this
pomace and on the surface of the scum of the fermenting fruit juice.

8io REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

PHORTICA Schiner.

P. vittata Coq. Del. Water Gap VII, 12, Avalon VI, 8 (Jn); Anglesea V,

28 (Dke).
P. leucostoma Loew. Dunnfield VII, 8, 12, Dover VII, 16 (Jn) ; Delair

VIII, 18 (Dke).
P. humeral is Loew. Rh^erton VII, 30, Westville VII, 26.

STEGANA Meig.
S. coleoptrata Scop. Delaware Water Gap VII, 13.

CURTONOTUM Macq.

C. helvum Loew. New Brunswick VII, 7 (Sm); Princeton VII, 21, West-
ville VII, 26, VIII, 23, Atco VII, 9 (Jn); Riverton IX, 20 (CG) ; Stone
Harbor VIII, 3 (Dke).

DROSOPHILA Fallen.

D. amoena Loew. Westville VH, 21, Glassboro VIII, 28 (GG) ; Merchant-
ville XI. 16 (Dke).

Pommace fly; Drosophila ampelophila: a, adult; h, larva;
d, e, pupa.

Fig. 336.

D. ampelophila Loew. Common "fruit" or "vinegar fly"; everywhere in

the State after midsummer.
D. funebris Fab. Riveiton VI, 1.
D. quadrimaculata Walk. Del. Water Gap VII, 12, Merchantville VI, 28

(Jn); New Brunswick VII, 20 (Sm).
D. graminum Fall. Trenton V, 24, Clementon VII, 4 (Hk) ; Anglesea V,

28 (W).
D. adusta Loew. New Brunswick VII, 20 (Sm).
D. confusa Stagger. Delaware Water Gap VII, 13.
D. colorata Walk. Dunnfield, Del. Water Gap VII, 15.
D. punctulata Loew. Glassboro X, 17 (CG).
D. maculosa Coq. Riverton IX, 23.

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY. 8ii

D. inversa Walk. Avalon VI, 8.

D. ordinaria Coq. Riverton VIII, 4.

D. multipuncta Loew. Cape May IX, 23 (Vk).

D. varia Walk. Riverton VI, 15, Newbold VII, 4 (Dke) ; Lucaston IX, 9

(Hk).

D. tri punctata Loew. Newbold VII, 4, Merchantville XI, 16 (Dke).

D. quinaria Loew. Merchantville XI, 16 (Dke).

D. phalerata Meig. Trenton VIII, 21 (Hk).

D. valida Wlk. Manaliawkin VII, 5 (Hk).

Family GEOMYZID.^.

Small or even minnte flies with comparatively large wings. The an-
tennae are short, arista variable, front broad and bristly below the apex.
The larvae, so far as known, live in the stems of plants.

DIASTATA Meig.
D. pulchra Loew. "New Jersey" (A E S).
D. nebulosa Fall. Cleiaenton V, 16.

ISCHNOMYIA Loew.

I. albicosta Walk, (vittula Loew.) Dunnfield VII, 12, Princeton VII, 21,
Westville VII, 2.

ANTHOMYZA Fallen.

A. variegata Loew. Del. Water Gap VII, 12 ( Jn) ; New Bnmswick VI, 1,

Ocean Co. V (Sm).
A. terminalis Loew. Trenton V, 24 (Hk).

SCYPHELLA Desv.
S. flava Linn. New T3runswick (Sni).

Family ACxROMYZID^.

Consists of small or minute flies difficult to separate from the allied
groups. The front is broad, the antenna short, arista absent, or, when
present, bare or only pubescent. The wings are broad, venation re-
sembling that of the allied families. The larvae vary greatly in habits;
some are leaf miners, some feed upon plant lice, others occur in galls in
which their function is not yet well understood.

NAPOMYZA Haliday.

N. chrysanthemi Kowarz. Newbold VII, 4 (Dke). Larva is a leaf-miner
in Chrysanthemum.

8i2 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

CERATOMYZA Schiner.
C. dorsal is Loew. Riverton V, 14, VII, 3, X, 10.

AGROMYZA Fallen.
A. coronata Loew. Ashland V, 13 (Hk) ; Avalon VII, 22 (Jn).
A. melampyga Loew. .Tamesburg VII, 4.

Fig. 32y. — Agromyza simplex, from above at left and from side at right.

A. simplex Loew. Chester IX, 5 (Coll); Newark VI, 13, Riverton VII,
24, Atco VI, 4 (Jn) ; Ashland V, 13 (Hk); larva mines in asparagus.

A. angulata Loew. Del. Water Gap VII, 8, Newark VI, 13.

A. aeneiventris Fall. Trenton VIH, 11, Pemberton VII, 8 (Hk); West-
ville VII, 21; larva burrows in roots of clover.

A. dimidiata Walk. Ocean Co. V (Sm); a leaf-miner of cabbage.

A. magnicornis Loew. Riverton VII, 17; a leaf -miner of Iris.

A. parvicornis Loew. Trenton V, 20 (Hk) ; Riverton VI, 20.

A. jucunda V. d. W. Riverton IX, 17; larva mines in verbena, aster, etc.

A. viridula Coq. National Park V, 6 (Dke).

PHYLLOMYZA Fall.
P. securicornis Fall. Trenton VIII, 21 (Hk).

DESMOMETOPA Loew.
D. m-nigrum Zett. New Brunswick VIII, 26 (Sm).
D. halteralis Coq. Clementon V, 12, Anglesea VII, 19.

D. latipes Meig. Chester IX, 3 (Sm) ; Clementon X, 18 (Hk).

RHICNOESSA Loew.
R. albula Loew. Wildwood VIII, 27, Avalon VII, 19 (Hk) ; Stone Harbor
Vin, 3-12 (Dke).

EUSIPHONA Coquillett.

E. mira Coq. Del. Water Gap VII, 10, Bamber IX, 1 (Dke).

THE INSECTS OF NEW JERSEY.

813

RHYNCHOMILICHIA Hendel. (LOBIOPTERA Wahlb.)
R. indecora Loew. Atco VI, 6, Woodbury VI. 7, Buena Vista VI, 11, Ava-
lon VI, 9.

MILICHIELLA G-Tos.
M. lacteipennis Loew. Brown's Mills VI, 22 (Dke); Avalon VI, 9.
M. bisignata Coq. Riverton VII, 4.

M. arcuata Loew. Riverton VIII, 25, Anglesea IX, 2 (Jn) ; Liicaston VIII,
lu (Dke).

TRAGINOPS Coq.
T. i prorata Coq. "New- Jersey."

LEUCOPIS Meig.
L. simplex Loew. Riverton VI, 19, Clementon VIII, 6. Avalon VI, 9, VII,

22.
L. nigricornis Egger. Del. Water Gap, bred VII, 20, from willow galls

collected VII, 11 (Jn).

OCHTHiPHILA Fallen.
O. polystigma Meig. Newark V (Sm); Trenton V, 20, Ashland VII, 15

(Hk); Westville VII, 21 ( Jn) ; Egg Harbor VII, 10 (Coll).
O. elegans Panzer. Clementon V, 30.

Sub-order PUPIPARA,

The term really explains its own meaning, though perhaps the name
"louse-flies" may appeal more strongly to the imagination.

The insects are flattened, adapted to live among wool or feathers, and
infest chiefly birds of prey. Among animals the sheep only is infested by
a "tick," which is really a degraded, wingless member of this family.
They are termed pupipara because the larva remains in the body of the
mother until it is mature and ready to enter the pupal stage.

Famih- HIPPOBOSCID.^.

ORNITHOMYIA Latr.

Fig. 338.
A bird fly, Olfersia species: enlarged.

Fig. 33S

Fig. 339. — Bee louse: Braula species

Fig. iK

much enlarged.

8i4 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM.

O. anchineuria Speiser. (pallida Say.) On the reedbird IX, 2, and red-
winged blackbird VIII, 19, sliot by Mr. Chas. Liebeck along the Dela-
ware River.

OLFERSIA Wied.

americana Leach. On the red-tailed hawk XI, 9, Haddonfield; it also
frequents the great horned owl and screech owl.

ardeas Macq. On American bittern IX, 15, 21, X, 10, and night heron
X, 15, shot by Mr. Chas. Liebeck along the Delaware River; little
blue heron, Bristol Island, Delaware River (Fowler).

PSEUDOLFERSIA Coq.

P. maculata Coq. Cape May VIII, from a fish hawk
(Sk); Lahaway IV, 1, several specimens from fish
hawk, by J. Turner Brakeley.

MELOPHAGUS Latr.

M. ovinus Linn. The "sheep louse-fly";
eveiywhere.

infests sheep.

Fig. 340. — "Sheep
tick:" Melophagus
ovinus: enlarged.

CO

I